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deflation

noun
/ˌdiːˈfleɪʃn/
/ˌdiːˈfleɪʃn/
[uncountable]
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  1. (economics经济学) a reduction in the amount of money in a country’s economy so that prices fall or remain the same通货紧缩
    Collocations The economyThe economy经济Managing the economy管理经济
    • handle/​run/​manage the economy管理经济
    • boost investment/​spending/​employment/​growth促进投资/支出/就业/增长速度
    • stimulate demand/​the economy/​industry刺激需求/经济/工业
    • cut/​reduce investment/​spending/​borrowing削减投资/支出/借贷
    • reduce/​curb/​control/​keep down inflation减少/遏制通货膨胀
    • create/​fuel growth/​demand/​a boom/​a bubble创造/刺激增长/需求/繁荣/泡沫
    • encourage/​foster/​promote/​stimulate/​stifle innovation/​competition鼓励/促进/刺激/抑制创新/竞争
    • encourage/​work with/​compete with the private sector鼓励私营部门;与私营部门合作/竞争
    • increase/​boost/​promote US/​agricultural exports增加/促进美国/农业出口
    • ban/​restrict/​block cheap/​foreign imports禁止/限制/阻止廉价/国外进口产品
    • the economy grows/​expands/​shrinks/​contracts/​slows (down)/recovers/​improves/​is booming经济增长/扩张/收缩/萎缩/放缓/复苏/改善/繁荣
    • enjoy an economic/​housing/​property boom享受经济/住房/房地产的繁荣期
    Economic problems经济问题
    • push up/​drive up prices/​costs/​inflation抬高价格/成本;加剧通货膨胀
    • damage/​hurt/​destroy industry/​the economy破坏工业/经济
    • cause/​lead to/​go into/​avoid/​escape recession引起/导致/进入/避开经济衰退
    • experience/​suffer a recession/​downturn经历/遭受经济衰退
    • fight/​combat inflation/​deflation/​unemployment抵抗通货膨胀/通货紧缩/失业
    • cause/​create inflation/​poverty/​unemployment导致/造成通货膨胀/贫穷/失业
    • create/​burst a housing/​stock market bubble造成/引爆住房/股票市场泡沫
    • cause/​trigger a stock market crash/​the collapse of the banking system引起股市崩盘/银行系统崩溃
    • face/​be plunged into a financial/​an economic crisis面临/陷入财政/经济危机
    • be caught in/​experience cycles of boom and bust陷入/经历周期性繁荣与萧条
    Public finance公共财政
    • cut/​reduce/​slash/​increase/​double the defence/​education/​aid budget
    • increase/​boost/​slash/​cut public spending增加/大幅削减/削减公共支出
    • increase/​put up/​raise/​cut/​lower/​reduce taxes提高/降低税收
    • raise/​cut/​lower/​reduce interest rates提高/降低利率
    • ease/​loosen/​tighten monetary policy放宽/收紧货币政策
    • balance the (state/​federal) budget平衡(州/联邦)预算
    • achieve/​maintain a balanced budget达到/保持预算平衡
    • run a ($4 trillion) budget deficit/​surplus有(4 万亿美元的)预算赤字/盈余
    • impose taxes/​austerity measures
    Topics Moneyc2
  2. the action of air being removed from something放气;抽气;泄气
  3. opposite inflation
    Word Originlate 19th cent. (in the sense ‘release of air from something inflated’): from deflate.

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