- [countable]
a person who is killed or injured in war or in an accident (战争或事故的)伤员,亡者,遇难者 Our primary objective is reducing road casualties. 我们的首要目标是减少交通事故伤亡。 Both sides had suffered heavy casualties (= many people had been killed). 双方都伤亡惨重。
Collocations War and peaceWar and peace 战争与和平 Starting a war 开战 - declare/make/wage war (on somebody/something)
(向…)宣战/挑起战争/发动战争 - go to war (against/with somebody)
(向…)开战 - cause/spark/provoke/foment/quell unrest
引起/平息骚乱 - incite/lead/crush/suppress a revolt/rebellion
煽动/领导/镇压起义/叛乱 - launch/mount/carry out a surprise/terrorist attack
发起/实施突然/恐怖袭击 - prevent/halt/represent an escalation of the conflict
防止/阻止/表明冲突升级 - be torn apart by/be on the brink of civil war
被内战搞得四分五裂;濒于内战 - enter/invade/occupy somebody’s territory
进入/侵略/占领某人的领土 - lead/launch/resist/repel an invasion
领导/发起/抵制/击退武装入侵
Military operations 军事行动 - adopt/develop/implement/pursue a military strategy
采用/发展/实施/执行军事战略 - carry out/execute/perform military operations/manoeuvres
- send/deploy/station/pull back/withdraw troops
派遣/部署/派驻/撤回部队 - go on/fly/carry out a reconnaissance/rescue mission
进行/驾机执行/执行侦察/营救任务 - train/equip/deploy army/military/combat units
训练/装备/部署陆军/军事/作战分队 - lead/launch/conduct a raid/a surprise attack/an (air/airborne/amphibious) assault (on somebody)
领导/发起/实施(对某人的)突然袭击/(空中/空投部队/登陆)攻击 - employ/use guerrilla tactics
采用游击战术 - conduct/wage biological/guerrilla warfare
进行/发动生物战/游击战 - fight/crush/defeat the rebels/the insurgency
设法战胜/镇压/挫败叛乱者/叛乱 - suffer/inflict a crushing defeat
遭受惨败;大获全胜 - achieve/win a decisive victory
赢得决定性的胜利 - halt/stop the British/German/Russian advance
阻止英国/德国/俄罗斯的前进 - order/force a retreat
命令/强迫撤退
Fighting 作战 - join/serve in the army/navy/air force
加入陆军/海军/空军;在陆军/海军/空军部队服役 - be/go/remain/serve on active duty
在服现役 - serve/complete/return from a tour of duty
在服役;服役完毕;服役归来 - be sent to the front (line)
被派往前线 - attack/strike/engage/defeat/kill/destroy the enemy
袭击/攻击敌人;与敌人交战;击败/杀死/消灭敌人 - see/report/be engaged in heavy fighting
目睹/报道/参与激战 - call for/be met with armed resistance
要求/遭遇武装抵抗 - come under heavy/machine-gun/mortar fire
冒着激烈的/机关枪的/迫击炮的射击 - fire a machine-gun/mortar shells/rockets (at somebody/something)
(对…)发射机关枪/迫击炮弹/火箭弹 - shoot a rifle/a pistol/bullets/missiles
步枪/手枪射击;发射子弹/导弹 - launch/fire a cruise/ballistic/anti-tank missile
发射巡航/弹道/反坦克导弹 - use biological/chemical/nuclear weapons
使用生物/化学/核武器 - inflict/suffer/sustain heavy losses/casualties
遭受惨重损失/伤亡 - be hit/killed by enemy/friendly/artillery fire
被敌军/友军/炮火击中/射死 - become/be held as a prisoner of war
成为战俘;作为战俘被监禁
Civilians in war 战争中的平民 - harm/kill/target/protect innocent/unarmed civilians
伤害/杀死/瞄准/保护无辜的/手无寸铁的平民 - cause/avoid/limit/minimize civilian casualties/collateral damage
导致/避免/限制/最大限度减少平民伤亡/附带性破坏 - impose/enforce/lift a curfew
强制实行/解除宵禁 - engage in/be a victim of ethnic cleansing
参与种族清洗;成为种族清洗的受害者 - be sent to an internment/a concentration camp
被送到俘虏拘留营/集中营 - accept/house/resettle refugees fleeing from war
接受/收容/安置战争难民 - fear/threaten military/violent reprisals
害怕/扬言要军事/暴力报复 - commit/be accused of war crimes/crimes against humanity/genocide
犯/被指控犯战争罪/反人类罪/种族灭绝罪
Making peace 和解 - make/bring/win/achieve/maintain/promote peace
促使/带来/赢得/实现/保持/促进和平 - call for/negotiate/broker/declare a ceasefire/a temporary truce
要求/商谈/协商/宣布停战/暂时休战 - sign a ceasefire agreement
签署停战协议 - call for/bring/put an end to hostilities
要求发动/引发/结束战争 - demand/negotiate/accept the surrender of somebody/something
强烈要求/商讨/接受…投降 - establish/send (in) a peacekeeping force
建立/派遣维和部队 - negotiate/conclude/ratify/sign/accept/reject/break/violate a peace treaty
商讨/达成/正式批准/签署/接受/拒绝/破坏/违反和平协定
Extra ExamplesTopics War and conflictc1Our division suffered only light casualties. 我们师只有少量伤亡。 The guerrillas inflicted heavy casualties on the local population. 游击队使当地居民蒙受重大伤亡。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- heavy
- high
- serious
- …
- cause
- inflict
- incur
- …
- count
- figures
- list
- …
- [countable]
a person who suffers or a thing that is destroyed when something else takes place synonym victim受害者;毁坏物;损坏物 She became a casualty of the reduction in part-time work (= she lost her job). 她成了裁减兼职工作的受害人。 Small shops have been a casualty of the recession. 小商店在经济萧条中深受其害。
Extra ExamplesTopics War and conflictc1They say that truth is the first casualty of war. 他们说战争来临时,首先倒下的是真理。 Their relationship became a casualty of war. 他们的关系成了战争的牺牲品。 The main casualty of this scandal will be the minister's reputation. 这一丑闻的主要受害者将是部长的声誉。
- [uncountable] (also casualty department, accident and emergency)(all British English)(North American English emergency room)
the part of a hospital where people who need immediate treatment are taken 急诊室 The victims were rushed to casualty. 受伤者被迅速送往急救室。 We waited in casualty until a doctor could see us. 我们在急诊室一直等到医生来看我们。 He works as a doctor in casualty. 他是急诊医生。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryverb + casualty- be admitted to
- rush somebody to
- take somebody to
- …
- department
- unit
- ward
- …
- in casualty
Word Originlate Middle English (in the sense ‘chance, a chance occurrence’): from medieval Latin casualitas, from casualis, from casus ‘fall’, on the pattern of words such as penalty.