approve ♦︎ confirm ♦︎ recognize ♦︎ uphold ♦︎ ratify ♦︎ sustain ♦︎ validate ♦︎ certifyThese words all mean to officially accept and approve of sth.这些词均表示认可、批准。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to approve / confirm / recognize / uphold / ratify / validate / certify sth as sth◆to approve / recognize / validate a course◆to approve / uphold / ratify a treaty◆to confirm / uphold / ratify a / an decision / agreement◆to be approved / confirmed / recognized / upheld / sustained by the court◆to officially approve / confirm / recognize / ratify sth■approve [transitive, often passive] to say that sth is good enough to be used, or is correct认可;核准◆The course is approved by the Department for Education.课程已获教育部核准。◆The auditors approved the company's accounts.审计员核准了公司的账目。■confirm kənˈfɜːm; NAmEkənˈfɜːrm [transitive] to make sth such as a position or agreement more definite or official批准(职位、协议等);确认◆After a six-month probationary period, her position was confirmed.经过六个月的试用期后,她获准正式担任该职。◆He was confirmed as captain for the rest of the season.他获正式任命在本赛季余下的时间内担任队长。▸confirmation
noun
[uncountable, countable] ◆You will receive written confirmation of our decision in the next few days.您将在几天后收到有关我们决定的通知书。■recognize (BrE alsorecognise) [transitive, often passive] to accept and approve of sb/sth officially(正式)认可,接受,赞成◆The qualifications are internationally recognized.这些资格全球认可。◆The UK has refused to recognize the new regime.英国已拒绝承认这个新的政权。■upholdʌpˈhəʊld; NAmEʌpˈhoʊld(upheld, upheld) [transitive](especially of a court) to agree that a previous decision was correct or that a request is reasonable(尤指法庭)维持(原判),受理(申诉)◆The conviction was upheld by the Court of Appeal.上诉法庭维持原判。◆The Press Council refused to uphold the complaint.出版委员会拒绝受理申诉。■ratifyˈrætɪfaɪ [transitive] to make an agreement officially valid by voting for or signing it(通过投票或签署)正式批准,使正式生效◆The treaty was ratified by all the member states.该条约得到了所有成员国的批准。▸ratification
noun
[uncountable] ◆The agreement is subject to ratification by the Senate.该协定必须获得参议院的批准。■sustain səˈsteɪn [transitive] (law法律) (especially in court) to decide that a claim or objection is valid(尤其在法庭上)确认,支持,准许◆The court sustained his claim that the contract was illegal.法庭支持他的说法,认定该合同不合法。◆Objection sustained!(= said by a judge when a lawyer makes an objection in court)反对有效!■validate ˈvælɪdeɪt [transitive] (formal) to state officially that sth is useful and of an acceptable standard批准;确认⋯有效;认可◆Check that their courses have been validated by a reputable organization.要确保他们的课程已获得有声望机构的承认。■certifyˈsɜːtɪfaɪ; NAmEˈsɜːrtɪfaɪ [transitive, usually passive] (ratherformal) to give sb an official document proving that they are qualified to work in a particular profession颁发(或授予)专业合格证书◆I was certified as a teacher in 1989.我在1989年获得教师资格证书。