fungus
noun- [countable]
an organism (= a living thing) that is similar to a plant without leaves, flowers or green colouring, and that usually grows on plants or on decaying matter. mushrooms and mildew are both fungi. 真菌（如蘑菇和黴） Collocations The living worldTopics Plants and treesc1The living world 生物界 Animals 動物 - animals mate/breed/reproduce/feed (on something)
動物交配／繁育／繁殖／以…爲食 - fish/amphibians swim/spawn (= lay eggs)
魚／兩栖動物遊動／産卵 - birds fly/migrate/nest/sing
鳥飛翔／遷徙／築巢／啼叫 - insects crawl/fly/bite/sting
昆蟲爬／飛／咬／叮 - insects/bees/locusts swarm
昆蟲／蜜蜂／蝗蟲成群地飛來飛去 - bees collect/gather nectar/pollen
蜜蜂采蜜／花粉 - spiders spin/weave a web
蜘蛛結網／織網 - snakes/lizards shed their skins
蛇／蜥蜴蛻皮 - bears/hedgehogs/frogs hibernate
熊／刺猬／青蛙冬眠 - insect larvae grow/develop/pupate
昆蟲的幼蟲生長／發育／化蛹 - an egg/a chick/a larva hatches
卵孵化；小雞出殼；幼蟲孵出 - attract/find/choose a mate
吸引／找到／選擇配偶 - produce/release eggs/sperm
産卵；排卵；産生／釋放精子 - lay/fertilize/incubate/hatch eggs
産卵；使卵受精；孵卵 - inhabit a forest/a reef/the coast
栖居於森林／礁石／海岸 - mark/enter/defend (a) territory
標出／進入／保衛領地 - stalk/hunt/capture/catch/kill prey
悄悄接近／獵殺／捕獲／殺死獵物
Plants and fungi 植物和真菌 - trees/plants grow/bloom/blossom/flower
樹木／植物生長／開花 - a seed germinates/sprouts
種子發芽 - leaves/buds/roots/shoots appear/develop/form
葉子／花蕾／根莖／幼苗長出來／長大／成形 - flower buds swell/open
花蕾含苞欲放／綻放 - a fungus grows/spreads/colonizes something
菌類生長／擴散／長滿… - pollinate/fertilize a flower/plant
給花／植物授粉 - produce/release/spread/disperse pollen/seeds/spores
長出／傳播花粉／種子／孢子 - produce/bear fruit
結果 - develop/grow/form roots/shoots/leaves
長出根莖／嫩芽／葉子 - provide/supply/absorb/extract/release nutrients
提供／吸收／提取／釋放營養物 - perform/increase/reduce photosynthesis
進行／增加／減少光合作用
Bacteria and viruses 細菌和病毒 - bacteria/microbes/viruses grow/spread/multiply
細菌／微生物／病毒生長／擴散／繁殖 - bacteria/microbes live/thrive in/on something
細菌／微生物在…中存活／大量生長 - bacteria/microbes/viruses evolve/colonize something/cause disease
細菌／微生物／病毒進化／長滿…／引發疾病 - bacteria break something down/convert something (into something)
細菌（將某物）分解／轉化（成某物） - a virus enters/invades something/the body
病毒進入／侵入某物／身體 - a virus mutates/evolves/replicates (itself)
病毒變異／演化／（自我）複制 - be infected with/contaminated with/exposed to a new strain of a virus/drug-resistant bacteria
感染上／接觸到一種新病毒／抗藥性細菌 - contain/carry/harbour bacteria/a virus
帶有細菌／病毒 - kill/destroy/eliminate harmful/deadly bacteria
殺滅有害的／致命的細菌
- animals mate/breed/reproduce/feed (on something)
- [uncountable, countable]
a layer of mould or a similar fungus, for example on a plant or wall; an infection caused by a fungus 黴；黴菌 The logs were covered with bright fungus. 原木上覆蓋着明亮的真菌。 Farmed fish often get fungus. 養殖的魚經常會感染真菌。 fungus infections 黴菌感染
Word Originlate Middle English: from Latin, perhaps from Greek spongos, reinforced in Middle English by Old French esponge.