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IELTS BNC: 11465 COCA: 11005
disable

verb

disable ♦︎ paralyse ♦︎ cripple ♦︎ incapacitate ♦︎ immobilize ♦︎ put sb/sth out of actionThese words all mean to injure or damage sb/sth so that they cannot move or work. 这些词均表示使人伤残或使事物不能运转。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆He was disabled / paralysed / crippled in a car accident.◆people who are disabled / crippled / incapacitated by illness◆a disabling / crippling accident / condition / disease / illness / injury◆The country has been paralysed / crippled / immobilized by a general strike.■ disable dɪsˈeɪbl [transitive] to damage sb's body so that, for example, they cannot walk or cannot use a part of their body; to prevent sth from working correctly 使伤残；使不能运转◆The gunfire could kill or disable the pilot.炮火会使飞行员丧命或伤残。◆The burglars gained entry to the building after disabling the alarm.窃贼破坏报警器后得以进入大楼。■ paralyse (BrE) (NAmE paralyze) ˈpærəlaɪz [transitive, often passive] to make sb unable to feel or move all or part of their body; to prevent sth from functioning normally 使瘫痪；使麻痹；使不能正常运转◆The accident left him paralysed from the waist down.那次事故使他腰部以下瘫痪了。◆The airport is still paralysed by the strike.机场仍因罢工而陷于瘫痪。◆ (figurative) She stood there, paralysed with fear.她站在那里，吓得呆若木鸡。▸ paralysis pəˈræləsɪs

noun

 [uncountable] ◆paralysis of both legs双腿瘫痪◆The strike caused total paralysis in the city.罢工使这座城市完全瘫痪。■ cripple [transitive, usually passive] to damage sb's body so that they are no longer able to walk or move normally; to seriously damage or harm sb/sth so that it/they cannot work or live normally 使残废；使跛；严重毁坏（或损伤）◆He was crippled by polio as a child.他幼年患过小儿麻痹症，结果腿就瘸了。◆to be crippled with arthritis因患关节炎而腿瘸◆Sugar producers have been crippled by plummeting prices.因食糖价格暴跌，食糖生产商损失惨重。◆The pilot tried to land his crippled plane.飞行员试图驾驶严重受损的飞机着陆。▸ crippling

adjective

◆a crippling disease严重损害健康的疾病◆crippling debts导致经济瘫痪的债务■ incapacitate ˌɪnkəˈpæsɪteɪt [transitive, usually passive] (formal) to make sb unable to live or work normally 使失去正常生活（或工作）能力◆He was incapacitated by old age and sickness.年老多病使他失去了正常生活能力。◆mentally incapacitated people精神失常的人■ immobilize (BrE also immobilise) ɪˈməʊbəlaɪz; NAmE ɪˈmoʊbəlaɪz [transitive] to prevent sth from moving or working normally 使不能动；使不能正常运转◆a device to immobilize the car engine in case of theft汽车被盗时使引擎发动不起来的装置◆The firm has been immobilized by a series of strikes.一连串的罢工使得这家公司无法正常运营。◆Always immobilize a broken leg immediately.腿断了应立即打夹板固定。■ ˌput sb/sth out of ˈaction

idiom

(putting, put, put)to make sb/sth unable to work or be used because of injury or damage 使不能工作；使不能使用◆Jon has been put out of action for weeks by a broken leg.乔恩断了一条腿，已经有几个星期不能工作。▸ out of ˈaction

idiom

◆The photocopier is out of action today.复印机今天出故障了。

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