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economics 经济学 the amount by which money spent or owed is greater than money earned in a particular period of time 赤字；逆差；亏损 a budget/trade deficit 预算赤字；贸易逆差 - in deficit
The trade balance has been in deficit for the past five years. 过去五年来贸易状况一直是逆差。
Collocations International relationscompare surplusInternational relations 国际关系 Trade 贸易 - facilitate/regulate trade (with other countries)
促进／规范（与其他国家的）贸易 - form/join a trading bloc
建立／加入贸易同盟 - live in/compete in a global/the world economy
生存于全球／世界经济中；参与全球／世界经济竞争 - support/promote free trade
支持／促进自由贸易 - adopt/call for/oppose protectionist measures
采取／呼吁／反对保护主义措施 - erect/impose/reduce/remove trade barriers
设置／推行／减少／消除贸易壁垒 - impose/lift/raise/eliminate import tariffs (on something)
征收／取消／提高／废除（某物的）进口关税 - have/run a huge/large/growing trade surplus/deficit
有巨额／持续增长的贸易顺差／逆差 - embrace/resist/drive globalization
接受／抵制／推进全球化
Politics and law 政治与法律 - conduct/handle/talk about/discuss foreign policy
执行／掌控／谈论／讨论外交政策 - pursue an aggressive/a hawkish foreign policy
执行强硬的外交政策 - require/use/conduct diplomacy
需要／使用／实施外交手段 - establish/break off/sever/restore diplomatic relations
建立／中断／断绝／恢复外交关系 - foster/promote/strengthen regional cooperation
促进地区间合作 - facilitate/achieve economic/political integration
促进／实现经济／政治一体化 - exercise/defend/protect/transfer/restore/regain national/state/full/limited sovereignty
行使／维护／保护／移交／恢复／重获民族／国家／全部／部分主权 - consolidate/extend/lose/retain your power (in the region)
巩固／扩张／丧失／保持（区域内的）势力 - hold/maintain/change/alter/shift/be a shift in the balance of power (in the region)
维持／改变（区域内的）势力均衡 - cause/create/open/expose/heal/repair a deep/growing/major/serious rift between X and Y
导致／造成／引发／暴露出／弥合／修复 X 与 Y 之间深层次的／不断扩大的／主要的／严重的分歧
Meetings and agreements 会议与协议 - have/hold/host/attend an international conference/an economic forum/a G20 summit
召开／举行／主办／出席国际会议／经济论坛／二十国集团峰会 - launch a new round of global/multilateral/world trade negotiations
发起新一轮的全球／多边／世界贸易谈判 - send/head/lead/meet a high-level/an official/a trade delegation
派遣／领导／带领／会见高层／官方／贸易代表团 - begin/start/continue/resume peace talks
开始／继续／重启和平谈判 - be committed to/be opposed to/disrupt/undermine/derail/sabotage the peace process
致力于／反对／扰乱／损害／干扰／破坏和平进程 - negotiate/achieve a lasting political settlement
达成／取得长期的政治协议 - broker/sign a peace deal/agreement/treaty
协商／签署和平协议
Conflict 冲突 - be/constitute/pose a threat to global security
构成对全球安全的一大威胁 - compromise/endanger/protect national security
损害／危及／保护国家安全 - justify/be in favour of/ (US English) be in favor of/be against military intervention
证明军事干预合理；支持／反对军事干预 - threaten/authorize/launch/take/support/oppose unilateral/pre-emptive military action
扬言采取／授权使用／发起／采取／支持／反对单边的／先发制人的军事行动 - impose/enforce/lift/end economic sanctions/an arms embargo/a naval blockade
强制实行／解除经济制裁／武器禁运／海上封锁 - close/protect/secure/patrol the border
封锁／保卫边境；在边境地区巡逻 - lead/be involved in a peacekeeping operation
领导／参与维和行动
Aid 援助 - negotiate/announce a $15 billion aid package/an economic stimulus package
达成／宣布 150 亿美元的一套援助计划／刺激经济的一揽子计划 - send/provide/request/cut off military aid
派遣／提供／请求／中断军事援助 - bring/provide emergency/humanitarian relief
带来／提供紧急／人道主义救助 - deliver/distribute medical supplies/(British English) food parcels/(North American English)food packages
- fund/run a foreign/a local/an international NGO
资助／管理外国／当地／国际非政府组织 - reduce/eradicate child/global/world poverty
减少／根除儿童／全球性／世界性贫困
Extra ExamplesTopics Businessc1a budget deficit running at 7% of GDP 相当于国内生产总值 7% 的预算赤字 the US trade deficit with Japan 美国对日本的贸易逆差 We are facing a substantial trade deficit. 我们面临着巨大的贸易逆差。 The US trade deficit ballooned to a record $167 billion. 美国贸易逆差猛增到创纪录的 1,670 亿美元。 The UK remained in deficit with all countries outside the EU. 英国对欧盟之外的所有国家都有逆差。 If the government didn't run such huge deficits, the country would not have financial problems. 如果政府没有形成数额如此巨大的赤字，国家就不会有财政问题。 The company has run up a deficit of £30 000. 这家公司累计亏损了 3 万英镑。 The government was forced to sell state-owned companies to fund the budget deficit. 政府被迫出售国有企业以弥补预算赤字。 The trade balance shows a deficit of two million dollars. 贸易收支显示有 200 万美元的逆差。 You cannot cut a budget deficit simply by raising taxes. 不能仅靠增加税收来减少预算赤字。 to prevent the country from moving into deficit 防止国家陷入赤字
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- enormous
- huge
- large
- …
- face
- have
- run
- …
- run at something
- grow
- increase
- …
- in deficit
- deficit with
- (formal)
the amount by which something, especially an amount of money, is too small or smaller than something else 不足额；缺款额；缺少 There's a deficit of $3 million in the total needed to complete the project. 完成这项工程所需资金还缺少 300 万美元。 The team has to come back from a 2–0 deficit in the first half. 这支队得扳回上半场 0:2 的落后局面。
Extra ExamplesWe will find it hard to make up this deficit. 我们会发现很难弥补这一亏空。 United are hoping to overturn a two-goal deficit from the first leg. 联队希望能扭转第一回合落后两球的局面。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- enormous
- huge
- large
- …
- face
- have
- run
- …
- run at something
- grow
- increase
- …
- in deficit
- deficit with
Word Originlate 18th cent.: via French from Latin deficit ‘it is lacking’, from the verb deficere ‘desert or fail’, from de- (expressing reversal) + facere ‘do’.