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Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

導出

life

noun

/laɪf/

(plural lives

/laɪvz/

)

Idioms

jump to other results

state of living生存状态

[uncountable] the ability to breathe, grow, produce young, etc. that people, animals and plants have before they die and that objects do not have生命

This could mean the difference between life and death.这可能意味着生与死的区别。
The body was cold and showed no signs of life.那躯体冰凉，显现不出有生命的迹象。
I wish we could bring dinosaurs back to life.我希望我们能让恐龙复活。
In spring the countryside bursts into life.乡村在春天生机盎然。

living things生物

[uncountable] living things生物；活物

plant/animal/insect life植物/动物/昆虫生活
Plastic is a threat to marine life.塑料对海洋生物构成威胁。
Nuclear war could mean the end of life on earth.核战争可能意味着地球生命的终结。
Is there intelligent life on other planets?在其他星球上存在具有智力的生命吗？
There was no sign of life in the abandoned village.这个被遗弃的村庄里没有生命的迹象。

Extra Examples

All forms of life are to be found in this forest.所有的生命形式都可以在这片森林中找到。
More species of plant and animal life die out as their very specialized habitat is disturbed.越来越多的动植物物种因其特殊的栖息地受到干扰而灭绝。
Algae can pose a danger to pond life.藻类会对池塘生命构成威胁。
The area has a rich and complex plant life.这个地区有丰富而复杂的植物。
The world's oceans are teeming with life.世界上的海洋充满了生命。
In spring, the hedgerows buzz with life.春天，树篱生机勃勃。
The hedgerow supports a wide variety of animal and bird life.树篱支撑着各种各样的动物和鸟类。
Loss of habitat is a major threat to insect life.栖息地的丧失是昆虫生活的主要威胁。
Pollution is harming bird life in our cities.污染正在损害我们城市的鸟类生活。
Climate change will affect all life on earth.气候变化将影响地球上的所有生命。
Is there life on Mars?火星上有生物吗？

Collocations The living worldThe living world生物界Animals动物

animals mate/breed/reproduce/feed (on something)动物交配／繁育／繁殖／以…为食

fish/amphibians swim/spawn (= lay eggs)鱼／两栖动物游动／产卵

birds fly/migrate/nest/sing鸟飞翔／迁徙／筑巢／啼叫

insects crawl/fly/bite/sting昆虫爬／飞／咬／叮

insects/bees/locusts swarm昆虫／蜜蜂／蝗虫成群地飞来飞去

bees collect/gather nectar/pollen蜜蜂采蜜／花粉

spiders spin/weave a web蜘蛛结网／织网

snakes/lizards shed their skins蛇／蜥蜴蜕皮

bears/hedgehogs/frogs hibernate熊／刺猬／青蛙冬眠

insect larvae grow/develop/pupate昆虫的幼虫生长／发育／化蛹

an egg/a chick/a larva hatches卵孵化；小鸡出壳；幼虫孵出

attract/find/choose a mate吸引／找到／选择配偶

produce/release eggs/sperm产卵；排卵；产生／释放精子

lay/fertilize/incubate/hatch eggs产卵；使卵受精；孵卵

inhabit a forest/a reef/the coast栖居于森林／礁石／海岸

mark/enter/defend (a) territory标出／进入／保卫领地

stalk/hunt/capture/catch/kill prey悄悄接近／猎杀／捕获／杀死猎物

Plants and fungi植物和真菌

trees/plants grow/bloom/blossom/flower树木／植物生长／开花

a seed germinates/sprouts种子发芽

leaves/buds/roots/shoots appear/develop/form叶子／花蕾／根茎／幼苗长出来／长大／成形

flower buds swell/open花蕾含苞欲放／绽放

a fungus grows/spreads/colonizes something菌类生长／扩散／长满…

pollinate/fertilize a flower/plant给花／植物授粉

produce/release/spread/disperse pollen/seeds/spores长出／传播花粉／种子／孢子

produce/bear fruit结果

develop/grow/form roots/shoots/leaves长出根茎／嫩芽／叶子

provide/supply/absorb/extract/release nutrients提供／吸收／提取／释放营养物

perform/increase/reduce photosynthesis进行／增加／减少光合作用

Bacteria and viruses细菌和病毒

bacteria/microbes/viruses grow/spread/multiply细菌／微生物／病毒生长／扩散／繁殖

bacteria/microbes live/thrive in/on something细菌／微生物在…中存活／大量生长

bacteria/microbes/viruses evolve/colonize something/cause disease细菌／微生物／病毒进化／长满…／引发疾病

bacteria break something down/convert something (into something)细菌（将某物）分解／转化（成某物）

a virus enters/invades something/the body病毒进入／侵入某物／身体

a virus mutates/evolves/replicates (itself)病毒变异／演化／（自我）复制

be infected with/contaminated with/exposed to a new strain of a virus/drug-resistant bacteria感染上／接触到一种新病毒／抗药性细菌

contain/carry/harbour bacteria/a virus带有细菌／病毒

kill/destroy/eliminate harmful/deadly bacteria杀灭有害的／致命的细菌

Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective

intelligent
animal
bird
…

life + noun

form
cycle
sciences
…

See full entry

period of time时期

[countable, uncountable] the period between somebody’s birth and their death; a part of this period一生；终身；寿命；一生中的部分时间

He's lived here all his life.他在这里住了一辈子了。
I've lived in England for most of my life.我大半生都住在英格兰。
somebody's whole/entire life某人的一生
We have known each other our whole lives.我们认识了一辈子。
He will spend the rest of his life (= until he dies) in a wheelchair.他将在轮椅上度过他的余生。
to have a long/short life寿命长；寿命短
to devote/dedicate your life to something献身于某事
in somebody's life She's had some interesting experiences in her life.她一生中有过一些有趣的经历。
I've never in my entire life been so embarrassed.我一生中从未如此尴尬过。
in early/later life早年/晚年
Brenda took up tennis late in life.布伦达在晚年打起网球来了。
A baby's weight will normally double in the first five months of life. 婴儿的体重通常会在出生后的前五个月增加一倍。
throughout somebody's life Throughout her life she was dogged by loneliness.她一生孤寂，备受折磨。
during somebody's life She had three marriages during her 89-year life.在她89岁的一生中，她结过三次婚。
for life There's no such thing as a job for life any longer.不会再有像终身职位这样的事了。
She stayed there until the end of her life.她在那里一直呆到生命的尽头。
He was sentenced to life imprisonment.他被判终身监禁。

experience/activities经历；活动

[uncountable] the experience and activities that are typical of all people’s existences生活经历

the worries of everyday life日常生活中的操心事
Commuting is a part of daily life for many people.乘车上下班是许多人日常生活的一部分。
Trees and green spaces enhance our quality of life. 树木和绿地提高了我们的生活质量。
He is young and has little experience of life.他年轻，不谙世事。
Jill wants to travel and see life for herself.吉尔想出去旅行，亲身体验一下生活。
We have no time just to enjoy life.我们没有时间去享受生活。
Life can be hard.生活可以很艰难。
We bought a dishwasher to make life easier.为使生活轻松些我们买了一台洗碗机。
Life isn't like in the movies, you know.你知道，生活不像在电影里那样。
in life It's important to have a purpose in life.人生有个目标很重要。
In real life (= when she met him) he wasn't how she had imagined him at all.一见面才发现他完全不是她所想象的那样。
life without something Can you imagine life without music?你能想象没有音乐的生活吗？
You can share life events like getting married or becoming a parent.可以分享结婚、为人父母等人生大事。
He just needs a little more life experience.他只是需要多一点生活经验。

energy/excitement活力；兴奋

[uncountable] the quality of being active and exciting活力；生命力；生气 synonym vitality

This is a great holiday resort that is full of life.这里生气勃勃，是一个绝妙的度假胜地。
We need to inject some new life into this project.我们得给这个项目注入些新的活力。

Extra Examples

The market is bustling with life.市场里生活熙熙攘攘。
The streets are crowded and full of life.街道拥挤，充满活力。
They hope the new bars and restaurants will bring some life to an area normally dead after 8pm.他们希望新的酒吧和餐馆能给一个通常在晚上8点后就已经死亡的地区带来一些生机。
Let's put some life into this party!让我们为这个派对注入活力吧！
The introduction of her character gives the movie a bit more life.对她的角色的介绍给了这部电影一点生气。
The city has started to have much more life, with new parks and shopping precincts.随着新的公园和购物区的出现，这座城市开始变得更加生机勃勃。
She has brought new life to the team.她给这个团队带来了新的生命。
When she left it was as if all the life went out of the house.当她离开时，好像所有的生命都离开了房子。
All the life seemed to have gone out of the movement.所有的生命似乎都脱离了运动。
I love the energy and life of the city.我喜欢这座城市的活力和生活。

Oxford Collocations Dictionaryverb + life

come to
breathe
bring something to
…

phrases

breathe new life into somebody/something
full of life

See full entry

punishment惩罚

[uncountable] the punishment of being sent to prison for life or a very long period of time; life imprisonment无期徒刑；终身监禁

The judge gave him life.法官判他无期徒刑。
She is doing life for murder.她因谋杀被判终身监禁。

Topics Crime and punishmentb2

in art艺术

[uncountable] a living model or a real object or scene that people draw or paint（绘画的）模特儿，实物，实景

She had lessons in drawing from life.她学了实物写生课程。
a life class (= one in which art students draw a naked man or woman)人体写生课

story of life传记

[countable] a story of somebody’s life生平事迹；传记 synonym biography

She wrote a life of Mozart.她写了一部莫扎特的传记。

in games比赛

[countable] (in children's games or computer games) one of a set number of chances before a player is out of a game（玩游戏者出局前几次机会中的）一次机会

He's lost two lives, so he's only got one left.他失去了两次机会，所以只剩下一次了。

Word OriginOld English līf, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch lijf, German Leib ‘body’, also to live1.

Idioms

at my, your, his, etc. time of life

at the age you are (especially when you are not young)在…这样的年纪（尤指不年轻时）
- Eyesight doesn't get any better at my time of life.到我这把年纪，视力绝不会变好的。

be somebody’s life

be the most important person or thing to somebody对某人至关重要的人（或事物）
- My children are my life.我这几个孩子就是我的命根子。
- Writing is his life.写作是他的生命。

breathe (new) life into something

to improve something by introducing new ideas and making people more interested in it（给某事物）带来起色，注入活力
- The results of their research have breathed new life into the debate.他们的研究结果给这场辩论注入了新的活力。
Extra Examples
- He hopes the development will breathe new life into the community.他希望此次开发会给社区注入新的生机。
- They need some new, younger staff to breathe some life into the company.他们需要一些年轻的新员工为公司注入生机。

the breath of life to/for somebody

(literary) an essential part of a person’s existence某人生存的必需品
- Playing the violin has been the breath of life to her for over 20 years.20多年来，拉小提琴一直是她生活的一部分。

bring somebody/something to life

to make somebody/something more interesting or exciting使更有趣；使更生动
- The new teacher really brought French to life for us.新来的老师给我们把法语教得生动活泼。
- Flowers can bring a dull room back to life.鲜花可使沉闷的房间恢复生气。

come to life

to become more interesting, exciting or full of activity变得更有趣（或使人兴奋）；变得活跃
- The match finally came to life in the second half.比赛在下半场终于精彩起来。
- The city only comes to life at night.这个城市要到夜晚才充满生机。
to start to act or move as if alive（仿佛活着）开始动起来
- In my dream all my toys came to life.在我的梦里，玩具都活过来了。

depart this life

to die. People say ‘depart this life’ to avoid saying ‘die’.离开人世，去世，亡故（委婉说法，与 die 同义）Topics Life stagesc2

a dog’s life

an unhappy life, full of problems or unfair treatment悲惨的生活；牛马不如的生活
- He led poor Amy a dog’s life. She was desperately lonely, poor dear.他让可怜的艾米过着悲惨的生活。她极度孤独，可怜的亲爱的。

end your days/life (in something)

to spend the last part of your life in a particular state or place（在某种状态下或某处）度过余生，安度晚年
- He ended his days in poverty.他在贫穷中度过余生。

a fact of life

a situation that cannot be changed, especially one that is unpleasant生活的（不快）现实
- Illness is just a fact of life.疾病只是生活中的一个事实。
- It’s a fact of life that some people will always be racist.有些人永远是种族主义者，这是生活中的事实。
Extra Examples
- a rather harsh fact of life相当严酷的生活现实
- It's a fact of life that you don't get anything for nothing.不劳而获是生活中的事实。
- It is an sad fact of life that the most deserving people do not often achieve the most success.生活中一个可悲的事实是，最值得的人往往没有取得最大的成功。

the facts of life

the details about sex and about how babies are born, especially as told to children（尤指对儿童讲的）性知识

fight for (your) life

to make a great effort to stay alive, especially when you are badly injured or seriously ill（尤指严重伤病时）与死亡作斗争
- A young cyclist is fighting for his life after the accident.一位年轻的自行车手出事故后奋力求生。
Topics Illnessc1

for dear life | for your life

as hard or as fast as possible尽最大努力；拼命；尽快
- She was holding on to the rope for dear life.她死命抓着那根绳子。
- Run for your life!快跑啊！

for the life of you

(informal) however hard you try无论怎样努力
- I cannot for the life of me imagine why they want to leave.我怎么也想象不出他们为什么要走。

frighten/scare the life out of somebody

(informal) to frighten somebody very much把某人吓得魂不附体；使魂飞魄散
- You scared the life out of me coming in so suddenly like that.你这样突然闯进来吓得我魂不附体。

full of beans/life

having a lot of energy充满活力；精力充沛；生气勃勃
- It's nice to see an old man still so full of life.真高兴看见精力依然如此充沛的老人。

get a life

(informal) used to tell somebody to stop being boring and to do something more interesting（让人别再令人厌烦，要做更有趣的事）来点儿有意思的
- Do us all a favour… get a life!帮我们所有人一个忙…去生活吧！

hang/hold on for dear life (North American English, British English)

(also hang/hold on for/like grim death British English)

(informal) to hold somebody/something very tightly because you are afraid（害怕得）死死抓住不放，紧紧抓住不松手

have nine lives

(especially of a cat尤指猫) to be very lucky in dangerous situations有九条命；命大

have the time of your life

(informal) to enjoy yourself very much过得很快乐；玩得痛快

in fear of your life

feeling frightened that you might be killed害怕会丧生；为生命安全担忧Topics Feelingsc2

the kiss of life

(British English) a method of helping somebody who has stopped breathing to breathe again by placing your mouth on theirs and forcing air into their lungs人工呼吸（口对口）

(as) large as life

(humorous) used to show surprise at seeing somebody/something（表示惊讶地见到）本人，本身
- I hadn’t seen her for fifteen years and then there she was, (as) large as life.我有十五年未见过她，却在那里遇见她了，没错，就是她。

larger than life

looking or behaving in a way that is more interesting or exciting than other people, and so is likely to attract attention外表或行为惹人注目 synonym flamboyant
- He's a larger than life character.他这个人不是一般的有趣，很招眼。

lay down your life (for somebody/something)

(literary) to die in order to save somebody/something（为…）牺牲生命，献身 synonym sacrifice
- They were prepared to lay down their lives for their country.他们准备为自己的国家献出生命。

lead/live the life of Riley

(old-fashioned, informal, often disapproving) to live a happy and comfortable life with no problems or responsibilities无忧无虑地生活；安逸地生活；舒适愉快地生活
- The two crooks had been living the life of Riley.这两个骗子一直过着赖利的生活。
- He planned to retire early and then lead the life of Riley.他计划提前退休，然后过着赖利的生活。

a (new) lease of life (British English)

(North American English a (new) lease on life)

the chance to live or last longer, or with a better quality of life延年益寿；生活质量更好
- Since her hip operation she's had a new lease of life.她自髋关节手术以后活得更有劲了。

life after death

the possibility or belief that people continue to exist in some form after they die来世；来生
- Do you believe in life after death?你相信来世吗？

the life and soul of the party, etc.

(British English) the liveliest and funniest person at a party, etc.（聚会等场合）最活跃风趣的人

life is cheap

(disapproving) used to say that there is a situation in which it is not thought to be important if people somewhere die or are treated badly把他人生死视同儿戏；视人性命如草芥；人命不值钱

(have) a life of its own

(of an object物体) seeming to move or function by itself without a person touching or working it（具有）自身生命力，原动力

life’s too short

(informal) used to say that it is not worth wasting time doing something that you dislike or that is not important人生苦短；不可枉费此生
- Life's too short to sit around moping.人生苦短，不能整天坐在那儿自寻烦闷。

the light of somebody’s life

the person somebody loves more than any other心爱的人；心肝宝贝

make life difficult (for somebody)

to cause problems for somebody（给某人）惹麻烦，造成困难，出难题
- She does everything she can to make life difficult for him.她想尽办法给他制造麻烦。
Topics Difficulty and failureb2

make somebody’s life a misery

to behave in a way that makes somebody else feel very unhappy使别人遭殃；让人痛苦
- My old boss used to make my life a misery.我以前的老板经常让我陷入水深火热之中。
- His constant criticism made her life a misery.他没完没了的指责使她的生活痛苦不堪。

the man/woman in your life

(informal) the man or woman that you are having a sexual or romantic relationship with闯进你生活中的男人（或女人）
- Anna has a new man in her life.安娜的生活中有了一个新的男人。

a matter of life and/or death

used to describe a situation that is very important or serious生死攸关的事；成败的关键
- You mustn't let anyone know— it's a matter of life and death.你千万别告诉任何人－这可是件生死攸关的事。
- These talks are a matter of life or death for the factory.这些谈话对工厂来说是生死攸关的事情。

not be able to do something to save your life

(informal) to be completely unable to do something完全干不了某事；死也做不了某事
- He can't interview people to save his life.要他的命，他也采访不了人。

not on your life

(informal) used to say that you will definitely not do something（断然拒绝）决不会

risk life and limb

(also risk your neck)

to risk being killed or injured in order to do something冒死；不惜受伤
- She risked life and limb to save her children from the fire.她冒着生命危险把她的孩子从火中救了出来。
More Like This Alliteration in idioms
Alliteration in idioms

a slice of life

a film, play or book that gives a very realistic view of ordinary life反映现实生活的电影（或戏剧、书）
- This drama provides a slice of life in 1950s Connecticut.该剧是 20 世纪 50 年代康涅狄格州生活的真实写照。

spring into action | spring into/to life

(of a person, machine, etc.人、机器等) to suddenly start working or doing something突然工作（或行动）起来
- ‘Let's go!’ he said, springing into action.他突然行动起来，说道：“咱们走！”
- The town springs to life (= becomes busy) during the carnival.狂欢节期间，这个小镇变得热闹起来。

the staff of life

(literary) a basic food, especially bread主食；（尤指）面包

take somebody’s life

to kill somebody杀死（某人）；取某人的性命

take your (own) life

to kill yourself自杀
- She took her own life.她结束了自己的性命。

take your life in your hands

to risk being killed冒生命危险；豁出性命；把脑袋别在裤腰带上
- You take your life in your hands just crossing the road here.你在这里过马路简直是冒险玩命。

that’s life

(informal) used when you are disappointed about something but know that you must accept it（表示失望但无可奈何）这就是生活，生活就是这样
- It’s a shame I can’t go on the trip, but that’s life.很遗憾我不能去旅行，但这就是生活。

that’s the story of my life

(informal) when you say that’s the story of my life about a bad experience you have had, you mean you have had many similar experiences我就是这个命（表示一生中有很多类似的不幸经历）
- Another missed opportunity—that’s the story of my life!又一个错失的机会——这就是我的人生故事！
- Out of work with no money—that's the story of my life.失业在家而且身无分文－我就是这个命。

true to life

(of a book, film, etc.) seeming real rather than invented真实的；逼真的；惟妙惟肖；活灵活现
- I don’t think the characters are very true to life.我觉得这些人物不是很真实。

variety is the spice of life

(saying) having a range of different experiences makes life more interesting经历丰富多彩才令生活充满乐趣

a walk of life

a person’s job or position in society行业；职业；地位；阶层 synonym background
- She has friends from all walks of life.她在社会各界中都有朋友。

a/the/somebody’s way of life

the typical pattern of behaviour of a person or group（个人或群体的）特有的行为模式，典型生活方式
- the American way of life美国人的生活方式
- She loved the Spanish way of life and immediately felt at home there.她喜欢西班牙的生活，一到那里就觉得舒适自在。
- the beliefs and practices of the Hindu way of life印度教生活方式的信仰与实践

where there’s life (, there’s hope)

(saying) in a bad situation you must not give up hope because there is always a chance that it will improve活着（就有希望）；留得青山在（，不怕没柴烧）

you can bet your life/your bottom dollar (on something/(that)…)

(informal) used to say that you are certain that something will happen肯定；毫无疑问
- You can bet your life that he'll be late.你可以打赌他会迟到。
Topics Doubt, guessing and certaintyc2

Life