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restriction

noun
 OPAL W
/rɪˈstrɪkʃn/
/rɪˈstrɪkʃn/
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  1.  
    [countable] a rule or law that limits what you can do or what can happen限制规定；限制法规
    • import/speed/travel restrictions进口/速度/旅行限制
    • restriction on something to impose/place a restriction on something对某事实行限制
    • The government has agreed to lift restrictions on press freedom.政府已经同意撤销对新闻自由的限制。
    • There are no restrictions on the amount of money you can withdraw.取款没有限额。
    Synonyms limitlimit
    • restriction
    • control
    • constraint
    • restraint
    • limitation
    These are all words for something that limits what you can do or what can happen.
    • limit the greatest or smallest amount of something that is allowed:
      • The EU has set strict limits on pollution levels.欧盟对污染程度作了严格的限定。
      • the speed limit速度限制
    • restriction (rather formal) a rule or law that limits what you can do:指限制规定、限制法规：
      • There are no restrictions on the amount of money you can withdraw.取款没有限额。
    • control (often in compounds) the act of limiting or managing something; a method of doing this:
      • arms control军备控制
    • constraint (rather formal) a fact or decision that limits what you can do:指限制、限定、约束：
      • We have to work within severe constraints of time and money.我们必须在时间紧迫、资金紧张的限制下工作。
    • restraint (rather formal) a decision, a rule, an idea, etc. that limits what you can do; the act of limiting something because it is necessary or sensible to do so:指约束力、管制措施、制约因素、控制、限制：
      • The government has imposed export restraints on some products.政府对一些产品实行了出口控制。
      • The unions are unlikely to accept any sort of wage restraint.工会不大可能接受任何形式的工资限制。
    • limitation the act or process of limiting something; a rule, fact or condition that limits something:
      • They would resist any limitation of their powers.他们会抵制对他们权力的任何限制。
    restriction, constraint, restraint or limitation?用 restriction、constraint、restraint 还是 limitation？These are all things that limit what you can do. A restriction is rule or law that is made by somebody in authority. A constraint is something that exists rather than something that is made, although it may exist as a result of somebody’s decision. A restraint is also something that exists: it can exist outside yourself, as the result of somebody else’s decision; but it can also exist inside you, as a fear of what other people may think or as your own feeling about what is acceptable: moral/​social/​cultural restraints. A limitation is more general and can be a rule that somebody makes or a fact or condition that exists.Patterns
    • limits/​restrictions/​controls/​constraints/​restraints/​limitations on something
    • limits/​limitations to something
    • severe limits/​restrictions/​controls/​constraints/​restraints/​limitations
    • tight limits/​restrictions/​controls/​constraints
    • to impose/​remove limits/​restrictions/​controls/​constraints/​restraints/​limitations
    • to lift restrictions/​controls/​constraints/​restraints
    Extra Examples
    • Confidentiality restrictions prevent me from giving any names.保密规定不允许我透露任何名字。
    • He doesn't put any restrictions on me.他对我没有施加任何约束。
    • The 30 mph speed restriction applies in all built-up areas.每小时限速 30 英里适用于所有建筑物密集的地区。
    • The government has introduced tough new import restrictions.政府已开始实施严格的限制进口的新规定。
    • The press asked for restrictions on reporting the war to be lifted.新闻界要求解除对战争报道的限制。
    • The regulations were seen as a restriction on personal freedom.这些规定被视作对人身自由的限制。
    • The removal of petty restrictions has made life easier.解除了各种琐碎的限制后，日子变得轻松了一些。
    • The restriction was relaxed in 2002.2002 年放松了该项限制。
    • The right of sale is subject to certain restrictions.销售权会受到某些制约。
    • They have the potential to enforce restrictions such as no smoking policies.他们可能会实施一些限制措施，比如颁布禁烟政策。
    • a Senate bill that seeks to tighten restrictions on coal plant emissions旨在更严格限制煤电厂排放的参议院法案
    • arbitrary restrictions on medicines对药物的随意限制
    • free movement of goods between member countries without any artificial restrictions成员国之间没有任何人为限制的商品自由流动
    • plans to create further vehicle restrictions in the city在该市实行更严格车辆限制的计划
    • restrictions that limit access to land and raw materials限制土地和原材料使用的规定
    • the dietary restrictions of Judaism犹太教的饮食限制
    • Speed restrictions are in operation on the M4 due to poor visibility.由于能见度低，M4高速公路正在实施限速。
    • The hospital management has imposed a restriction on visiting hours.医院管理层对探视时间进行了限制。
    • They had to live for a month with certain restrictions on their freedom of movement.他们不得不在行动自由受到某些限制的情形下生活 1 个月。
    Topics Permission and obligationb2
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • draconian
    • harsh
    • severe
    • …
    verb + restriction
    • create
    • impose
    • introduce
    • …
    restriction + verb
    • affect something
    • apply
    • limit something
    • …
    restriction + noun
    • order
    preposition
    • with restriction
    • with no restriction
    • without restriction
    • …
    See full entry
  2.  
    [uncountable] the act of limiting or controlling somebody/something限制；约束
    • sports clothes that prevent any restriction of movement宽松的运动服
    • A diet to lose weight relies on calorie restriction in order to obtain results.减肥的饮食依赖于热量限制来获得效果。
    Extra Examples
    • Citizens of the EU can travel without restriction within the EU.欧盟的公民在欧盟境内可以不受限制地出入各国。
    • another instance of the restriction of basic civil liberties公民基本自由受到限制的又一例子
    • the health benefits of calorie restriction限制热量给健康带来的好处
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • draconian
    • harsh
    • severe
    • …
    verb + restriction
    • create
    • impose
    • introduce
    • …
    restriction + verb
    • affect something
    • apply
    • limit something
    • …
    restriction + noun
    • order
    preposition
    • with restriction
    • with no restriction
    • without restriction
    • …
    See full entry
  3. [countable] a thing that limits the amount of freedom you have制约因素
    • the restrictions of a prison监狱的种种约束
    4. Word Originlate Middle English: from Old French, or from Latin restrictio(n-), from restringere ‘bind fast, confine’, from re- ‘back’ + stringere ‘to tie, pull tight’.
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