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official

noun

official ♦︎ officer ♦︎ councillor ♦︎ councilman/councilwoman ♦︎ mayor ♦︎ commissioner ♦︎ civil servant ♦︎ secretary ♦︎ bureaucratThese are all words for sb who works in a government department or a large organization, especially in a position of authority. 这些词均表示政府部门的官员或大机构的高级职员。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a senior official / officer / councillor / civil servant / bureaucrat◆a chief official / officer / commissioner / civil servant / secretary◆a junior official / officer / civil servant◆a deputy officer / mayor / commissioner / secretary◆a local official / officer / councillor / councilman / mayor / commissioner / civil servant / bureaucrat / secretary◆a regional / district official / officer / commissioner / secretary◆a city / town official / councillor / councilman / mayor◆a public official / officer◆a government official / officer / bureaucrat◆a party official / bureaucrat / secretary◆a union official / officer / secretary◆to appoint an official / an officer / a commissioner◆to elect (sb as) a councillor / mayor / councilman◆to serve as an officer / a councillor / a councilman / mayor / a commissioner / secretary■ official [countable] a person who is in a position of authority in a large organization or a government department （政府部门的）官员；（大机构的）高级职员◆A senior official in the State Department issued a statement.国务院的一名高级官员发表了一份声明。■ officer [countable] (often in compounds 常构成复合词) an official （政府部门的）官员；（大机构的）高级职员◆The charity has a full-time press officer working with the national newspapers.这家慈善机构设有一名全职新闻主任，负责跟全国性报纸沟通。◆the company's Chief Executive / Financial Officer (= CEO / CFO) 公司的首席执行官／财务总监NOTE 辨析 Official or officer? Official is a general word which can refer to any person in a position of authority. * official含义很广，可指任何身居要位的人◆government / bank / Olympic officials政府官员；银行高级职员；奥运会官员 Officer is often part of a job title for a particular position. * officer常用以构成某一特定职位的名称◆an environmental health officer环境卫生专员◆the chief medical officer医疗总监 ■ councillor (NAmE also councilor) ˈkaʊnsələ(r) [countable] a member of a council (= a group of people who are elected to govern an area); used as a title 市议员；政务委员会委员；议员，委员（用作头衔）◆Councillor Bob Harris鲍勃•哈里斯委员◆Talk to your city councillor about the problem.关于这个问题，可与你那里的政务委员谈一谈。◆ (BrE) She served as a Conservative councillor for Harwich for many years.她曾担任哈里奇的保守党议员多年。■ ˈcouncilman ■ ˈcouncilwoman ( Councilman, Councilwoman) [countable] (NAmE) a councillor 市议员；政务委员会委员◆'This is a first for the city,' said Councilman Wallis.“这对本城来说是前所未有的。”沃利斯议员说。■ mayor ( Mayor) meə(r); NAmE ˈmeɪər [countable] the head of a town, borough or county council; the head of the government of a town or city 镇长；市长；郡长◆He became the first directly elected mayor of London in 2000.他在2000年成为伦敦首位直选市长。■ commissioner ( Commissioner) kəˈmɪʃənə(r) [countable] a member of a commission (= an official group of people who are responsible for controlling sth or finding out sth) （委员会的）委员，专员，特派员◆a commissioner for the Central Collegiate Hockey Association中部大学曲棍球协会委员◆The merger has been referred to the European Competition Commissioner.这个并购项目已提交欧洲竞争委员会委员审查。■ ˌcivil ˈservant ˌsɪvl ˈsɜːvənt [countable] a person who works in the civil service (= the government departments in a country), as a paid official, rather than as an elected politician （政府的）公务员，文职人员◆The committee will question a number of ministers and high-ranking civil servants.委员会将对几位部长和高级公务员提出质询。■ secretary [countable] an official of a club, society, political party or trade union, who deals with writing letters, keeping records and making business arrangements; (in Britain) an assistant of a government minister or an ambassador, either a senior civil servant or a junior minister （俱乐部、社团、政党或工会的）干事，文书；（英国的大臣或大使的）助理◆She served as club secretary for 25 years.她任俱乐部文书25年。◆Anyone interested in joining the society should contact membership secretary Bob Barwood.有意加入本社团者请与组织干事鲍勃•巴伍德联系。◆He had talks with the Chief Secretary to the Treasury.他与财政部首席大臣进行了会谈。■ bureaucrat ˈbjʊərəkræt; NAmE ˈbjʊræt [countable] (often disapproving) an official working in an organization or a government department, especially one who follows rules too strictly 官僚◆He was just another faceless bureaucrat.他无非是一个毫无个性的官僚。  see also bureaucracy ⇨ authorities , bureaucracy ⇨ bureaucracy official

adjective

official ♦︎ formal ♦︎ authorized ♦︎ licensed ♦︎ accreditedThese words all describe things that are connected with sb in a position of authority or done with their permission. 这些词均表示公务的、公事的或获准的、官方认可的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to be authorized / licensed / accredited by sb / sth◆to be authorized / licensed to do sth◆official / formal / authorized / licensed institutions◆an official / a formal / an authorized body◆an official / a formal / an accredited programme◆an official / a formal announcement / request / enquiry / complaint / protest / apology / agreement◆an authorized / accredited practitioner / representative / supplier◆the official / authorized biography of sb■ official [usually before noun] connected with the job of sb who is in a position of authority; agreed to, said or done by sb who is in a position of authority 公务的；公职的；正式的；官方的◆The minister was in Berlin on official business.部长在柏林公干。◆She attended in her official capacity as mayor.她以市长的官方身份莅临。◆The news is not yet official.这消息尚未经官方证实。◆The country's official language is Spanish.该国的官方语言为西班牙语。◆The report revealed official corruption (= corrupt behaviour by officials) in relation to road building.报告披露了与筑路相关的官员腐败行为。ⓘ The official account of an event is the one that is told to the public by people in authority. It may or may not be true. * official亦可指对事件的描述是公开的、由官方公布的，但未必真实◆That was the official version of events but nobody believed it.那是官方对事情的描述，但没有人相信。◆The official line is that the date for the election has not yet been decided.官方的说法是选举日期尚未确定。 OPP unofficial ⇨ unofficial ▸ officially

adverb

◆The library will be officially opened by the local MP.图书馆将由当地下院议员正式揭幕。◆Officially, he resigned because of ill health.据官方说法，他是因健康状况不佳而辞职的。■ formal following an agreed or official way of doing things 正式的；合乎规矩的◆Once the loan has been approved we'll send a formal agreement for you to sign.贷款一旦获得批准，我们将发一份正式协议让你签署。◆Formal diplomatic relations between the two countries were re-established in December.两国于12月重新建立了正式外交关系。◆What this announcement does is put the arrangement on a formal basis.这项公告所起的作用是将安排做得正式一些。OPP informal ⇨ informal ▸ formally

adverb

◆The accounts were formally approved by the board.账目已由董事会正式批准。■ authorized (BrE also authorised) ˈɔːθəraɪzd done with or having the permission of sb in authority 批准的；授权的◆The family agreed to an authorized biography of the artist.那位艺术家的家人同意授权出版他的传记。◆There was a notice on the door: Authorized Personnel Only.门上有一张公告：未经许可，不得进入。OPP unauthorized ⇨ unofficial ■ licensed ˈlaɪsnst done, owned or run with official permission; owning a licence to do sth 获准的；得到正式许可的◆There aren't enough licensed taxis in the city.这个城市获准运营的出租车数量不足。◆The handgun had been bought from a licensed dealer.这把手枪是从一个有执照的经销商那里购买的。◆There are only two companies licensed to produce the vaccine.只有两家公司获准生产这种疫苗。OPP unlicensed ⇨ unofficial ■ accredited əˈkredɪtɪd [usually before noun] officially recognized or approved; working with official permission 官方认可的；获正式承认的◆Only accredited golfing journalists were allowed near the players.只有正式认可的高尔夫球体育记者才获准靠近选手。◆The former business school is now a fully accredited British university.从前的商学院现已成为一所完全获得官方认可的英国大学。▸ accreditation əˌkredɪˈteɪʃn

noun

 [uncountable] ◆the accreditation of engineering qualifications工科学历认证

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