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IELTS BNC: 332 COCA: 410
fall verb
⇨ fall 1 (the temperature falls) ⇨ fall 2 (fall into the river) ⇨ fall 3 (slip and fall on the ice) ⇨ rain (rain/snow falls)fall noun
⇨ overthrow (the rise and fall of the Roman Empire) ⇨ reduction (a fall in popularity)fall1

verb

 the temperature falls 溫度下降fall into the river 掉進河裏slip and fall on the ice 在冰上滑一跤  ➡ See also the entry for slump 另見slump條fall ♦︎ decline ♦︎ drop ♦︎ diminish ♦︎ decrease ♦︎ sink ♦︎ come downThese are all words that can be used when the amount, level or number of sth goes down. 這些詞均表示數量減少或程度下降。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to fall / decline / drop / diminish / decrease / sink / come down by 100, 25%, a half, etc.◆to fall / decline / drop / decrease / sink / come down from 15 000 to 1 000◆to decline / diminish / decrease / come down in number, level, size, etc.◆to decline / diminish / decrease with age, time, experience, etc.◆numbers fall / decline / drop / diminish / decrease / come down◆levels fall / decline / drop / decrease◆prices / rates fall / decline / drop / decrease / sink / come down◆profits / sales fall / decline / drop / decrease / sink◆the temperature falls / drops◆sb's voice falls / drops / sinks◆to fall / decline / drop / diminish / decrease / sink sharply / rapidly◆to fall / decline / drop / decrease dramatically / suddenly◆to fall / decline / drop / diminish / decrease slightly / slowly / gradually / steadily■ fall (fell, fallen) [intransitive, transitive] to become lower or less in level, number or strength （數量）減少；（水平）下降；（強度）減小◆Their profits have fallen by 30 per cent.他們的利潤減少了30%。◆The temperature fell sharply in the night.夜間溫度陡降。◆Falling birth rates could have an impact on future economic growth.下降的出生率可能會對未來的經濟增長産生影響。◆ (written) Her voice fell to a whisper.她的聲音變小，成了耳語。◆Share prices fell 30p.股價下跌了30便士。OPP rise ⇨ rise   see also fall ⇨ reduction noun ■ decline dɪˈklaɪn [intransitive] (rather formal, especially written) to become lower or less in level, number, size, strength or importance （水平、數量、大小、強度或重要性）減少，下降，衰退◆The number of tourists visiting the resort declined by 10% last year.去年到這個勝地旅遊的人數減少了10%。◆Manufacturing industry has slowly declined in importance.制造業已慢慢變得不如從前那麽重要了。OPP increase ⇨ rise   see also decline ⇨ reduction noun ■ drop (-pp-) [intransitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用於進行時) to become lower or less in level, number or strength （數量）減少；（水平）下降；（強度）減小◆The Dutch team have dropped to fifth place.荷蘭隊已降至第五名。◆At last the wind dropped.風勢終於減弱了。OPP rise , climb ⇨ rise   see also drop ⇨ reduction noun NOTE 辨析 Fall, decline or drop?In many cases you can use any of these words. 這些詞在很多情況下可以通用◆Sales have fallen / declined / dropped by 20%.銷售額下降了20%。They can all be used to talk about numbers, levels, rates, prices, profits and sales. To talk about a loss of economic strength in a particular place or industry, use decline. 這些詞均可描述數量、水平、比率、價格、利潤和銷售額。描述特定地方或行業的經濟實力衰退用decline◆The area / city / industry / market / sector has declined (in importance).該地區／城市／行業／市場／領域（的重要性）降低了。You can also use decline to talk about support for or interest in sth, or a person's health. A person's voice can fall or drop. Temperatures fall or drop. The wind can only drop. Things can fall or decline over a period of time, but drop cannot be used in the progressive tenses. * decline還可表示對事物的支持減少、興趣下降或人的健康狀況惡化。人的聲音變小或溫度下降用fall或drop均可。風勢減弱只能用drop。fall和decline均可指在一段時間内減少、下降，而drop不能用於進行時◆Sales have been falling / declining.銷售額一直在下降。◆falling / declining sales下降的銷售額◆Sales have been dropping. ◆dropping sales ■ diminish dɪˈmɪnɪʃ [intransitive] (rather formal, especially written) to become lower or less in number, amount or strength （數目、數量或強度）減少，下降，變弱◆The world's resources are rapidly diminishing.世界的資源正在迅速減少。◆His influence has diminished with time.随着時間的推移，他的影響已不如從前了。◆Our efforts were producing diminishing returns (= we achieved less although we spent more time or money).我們加大了投入，收益卻在遞減。ⓘ Numbers and amounts of sth can diminish, but figures, rates, levels, profits and sales cannot. * diminish可與number和amount搭配，指數量減少，但不能表示數字、比率、水平、利潤和銷售額下降。 OPP enhance ⇨ improve 1 ■ decrease [intransitive] (rather formal) to fall in number or level （數量）減少；（水平）下降◆The number of new students decreased from 210 to 160 this year.今年新生人數從210減少到160。◆The number of quarrels among children decreases with age (= the older they are, the fewer quarrels they have).兒童間爭吵的次數随着年齡增長而減少。OPP increase ⇨ rise   see also decrease ⇨ reduction noun ■ sink (sank, sunk) [intransitive] (especially business 尤用於商業) to fall in value or strength （價值或強度）降低，減弱◆The pound has sunk to its lowest recorded level against the dollar.英鎊對美元的比價已降到歷史新低。◆His voice sank almost to a whisper.他的聲音漸低，幾乎成了耳語。 OPP rise ⇨ rise ■ ˌcome ˈdown

phrasal verb

(came, come)(especially of prices) to fall in level （尤指價格）下降，降低◆The price of gas is coming down.煤氣價格在下跌。◆Gas is coming down in price.煤氣價格在下跌。OPP go up ⇨ rise fall2

verb

 the temperature falls 溫度下降fall into the river 掉進河裏slip and fall on the ice 在冰上滑一跤fall ♦︎ go down (sth) ♦︎ come down (sth) ♦︎ descend ♦︎ drop ♦︎ sink ♦︎ crash ♦︎ tumble ♦︎ topple ♦︎ plungeThese words all mean to move downwards, especially suddenly and/or by accident. 這些詞均表示落下，尤指突然或意外地掉落、跌落。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to fall / go / come / drop / sink / crash / tumble down◆to go down / come down / descend the stairs / steps◆to go down / come down / descend a ladder◆to fall / plunge to your death■ fall (fell, fallen) [intransitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常與副詞或介詞連用) to go from a higher place to a lower place, especially suddenly and/or by accident （尤指突然或意外地）落下，掉落，跌落◆Several of the books had fallen onto the floor.這些書有幾本掉到了地上。◆One of the kids fell into the river.其中有一個小孩掉進了河裏。◆September had come and the leaves were starting to fall.已到9月了，樹葉開始凋落。◆He fell 23 metres onto the rocks below.他掉到下面23米處的岩石上。▸ fall

noun

 [countable] ◆She was killed in a fall from a horse.她從馬背上掉下來摔死了。■ ˌgo ˈdown sth■ ˌgo ˈdown

phrasal verb

(goes, went, gone)to move from a higher place to a lower place; to fall to the ground 向下移動；落下；倒在地上◆I've been going up and down the stairs all day.我一整天都在樓梯上跑來跑去的。◆The sun went down below the horizon.太陽落到了地平線下。◆She tripped and went down with a bump.她絆了一下，重重地摔倒在地上。 OPP go up (sth) ⇨ climb ■ ˌcome ˈdown sth■ ˌcome ˈdown

phrasal verb

(came, come)to move from a higher place to a lower place; to break and fall to the ground 向下移動；崩塌；坍塌◆She came down the steps two at a time.她一步跨兩級地走下台階。◆The ceiling came down with a terrific crash.随着一聲可怕的巨響，天花板塌了下來。 OPP go up (sth) ⇨ climb NOTE 辨析 Go down or come down? Go is usually used from the point of view of the person who is moving somewhere. Come is usually used from the point of view of the person or place that sb/sth is moving to or towards. * go通常是從行進者的角度出發，come通常是從目的地的角度出發。■ descend dɪˈsend [intransitive, transitive] (formal) to go down from a higher place to a lower place 下去；下降◆The plane began to descend.飛機開始降落。◆She descended the stairs slowly.她緩慢地走下樓梯。 OPP ascend ⇨ climb ▸ descent

noun

 [countable, usually singular] ◆The plane began its descent to Heathrow.飛機開始向希思羅機場降落。■ drop (-pp-) [intransitive] to fall by accident; to fall or sit down, especially because you are no longer able to stand （意外地）落下，掉下；（尤指因無法再站立而）倒下，坐下◆The climber slipped and dropped to his death.那個攀登者一失足掉下去摔死了。◆He staggered in and dropped into a chair.他搖搖晃晃地走了進來，一屁股坐在椅子上。■ sink (sank, sunk) [intransitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常與副詞或介詞連用) (of a person) to move downwards, especially by falling or sitting down; (of an object) to move slowly downwards （人）倒下，坐下；（物體）下沉，下陷◆She sank back into her seat.她坐回椅子上。◆The old man had sunk to his knees.老頭跪了下去。◆The foundations of the building are starting to sink.樓房的地基開始下陷。■ crash [intransitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常與副詞或介詞連用) to hit sth hard while moving, causing noise and/or damage 猛撞；碰撞◆A brick crashed through the window.磚塊嘩啦一聲砸穿了窗戶。◆With a sweep of his hand he sent the glasses crashing to the floor.他一揮手把眼鏡碰到地上摔碎了。◆The door crashed open.門砰的一聲給砸開了。■ tumble [intransitive] to fall suddenly and in a dramatic way 倒塌；坍塌◆The scaffolding came tumbling down.腳手架突然坍塌。▸ tumble

noun

 [countable, usually singular] ◆The jockey took a nasty tumble at the third fence.騎師在第三道栅欄處重重摔下馬來。■ topple [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 總是與副詞或介詞連用) to become unsteady and fall down （失去平衡而）墜落，倒塌，倒下◆The pile of books toppled over.那摞書倒了。■ plunge [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 總是與副詞或介詞連用) to move suddenly forwards and/or downwards 突然前沖（或下落）◆She lost her balance and plunged 100 feet to her death.她沒有站穩，從100英尺的高處跌下摔死了。fall3

verb

 the temperature falls 溫度下降fall into the river 掉進河裏slip and fall on the ice 在冰上滑一跤fall ♦︎ fall over ♦︎ stumble ♦︎ trip ♦︎ fall downThese words all mean to stop standing suddenly. 這些詞均表示突然倒下、跌倒。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to stumble / trip over sth■ fall (fell, fallen) (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常與副詞或介詞連用) [intransitive] (especially written) to suddenly stop standing 突然倒下；跌倒◆She slipped and fell on the ice.她在冰上滑了一跤。■ ˌfall ˈover

phrasal verb

(fell, fallen) (especially spoken) to suddenly stop standing 突然倒下；跌倒◆I fell over and cut my knee.我跌倒劃破了膝蓋。■ stumble [intransitive] to hit your foot against sth while you are walking or running and fall or almost fall 絆腳◆The child stumbled and fell.孩子絆了一下，摔倒了。◆I stumbled over a rock.我在石頭上絆了一下。■ trip (-pp-) [intransitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常與副詞或介詞連用) to catch your foot on sth and fall or almost fall 絆；絆倒◆Someone will trip over that cable.有人會讓那條電纜絆倒的。◆Be careful you don't trip up on the step.你小心别在台階上絆倒了。■ ˌfall ˈdown

phrasal verb

(fell, fallen)to suddenly stop standing 突然倒下；跌倒◆The house looked as if it was about to fall down.那座房子看起來搖搖欲墜。NOTE 辨析 Fall, fall over or fall down? Fall and fall over are only used to talk about people in this meaning; fall down can be used to talk about people, buildings, or other structures that can stand and then suddenly stop standing. Fall is used more in writing. In British English fall over is used more in speech. In American English fall down is used more in speech. * fall和fall over表達此義時只用於人，fall down可用於人、建築物或其他可以直立而又突然倒下的結構體。fall多用於書面語。fall over多用於英式英語的口語。 fall down多用於美式英語的口語。

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