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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 5302 COCA: 3736

lobby

noun
 
/ˈlɒbi/
/ˈlɑːbi/
(plural lobbies)
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  1.  
    [countable] a large area inside the entrance of a public building where people can meet and wait（公共建筑物进口处的）门厅，前厅，大厅 synonym foyer
    • a hotel lobby旅馆大厅
    • Long-distance calls can only be made from the lobby of the hotel.长途电话只能在宾馆的大堂打。
    Topics Holidaysc1, Buildingsc1
  2. [countable] (in the British Parliament) a large hall that is open to the public and used for people to meet and talk to Members of Parliament（英国议会的）民众接待厅 see also division lobbyTopics Politicsc2
  3.  
    [countable + singular or plural verb] a group of people who try to influence politicians on a particular issue（就某议题企图影响从政者的）游说团体 synonym pressure group
    • The gun lobby is/are against any change in the law.赞同拥有枪支的团体反对作任何法律上的修改。
    • a powerful anti-smoking lobby声势浩大的反吸烟团体
    Topics Politicsc1
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • powerful
    • strong
    • anti-abortion
    • …
    verb + lobby
    • form
    • organize
    lobby + noun
    • group
    • organization
    preposition
    • lobby against
    • lobby for
    See full entry
  4. [countable, singular] (British English) an organized attempt by a group of people to influence politicians on a particular issue（就某议题企图影响从政者的）游说
    • a recent lobby of Parliament by pensioners领养老金者近来在议会的游说
    Extra Examples
    • Many groups have together mounted a lobby against cuts in hospitals.多个团体联成游说团，反对削减医院经费。
    • Residents have organized a lobby for improved local facilities.居民组织了游说团体争取改善当地的设施。
    Topics Politicsc2
    5. Word Originmid 16th cent. (in the sense ‘monastic cloister’): from medieval Latin lobia, lobium ‘covered walk, portico’. The verb sense (originally US) derives from the practice of frequenting the lobby of a house of legislature to influence its members into supporting a cause.

lobby

verb
 
/ˈlɒbi/
/ˈlɑːbi/
[transitive, intransitive]
Verb Forms
present simple I / you / we / they lobby
/ˈlɒbi/
/ˈlɑːbi/
he / she / it lobbies
/ˈlɒbiz/
/ˈlɑːbiz/
past simple lobbied
/ˈlɒbid/
/ˈlɑːbid/
past participle lobbied
/ˈlɒbid/
/ˈlɑːbid/
-ing form lobbying
/ˈlɒbiɪŋ/
/ˈlɑːbiɪŋ/
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  1. lobby (somebody) (for/against something) to try to influence a politician or the government and, for example, persuade them to support or oppose a change in the law游说（从政者或政府）
    • Farmers will lobby Congress for higher subsidies.农民将游说国会提高对农业的补贴。
    • Women's groups are lobbying to get more public money for children.妇女组织在游说政府，要求增加对儿童的拨款。
    Culture lobbyinglobbyingLobbying is the practice of approaching politicians in order to persuade them to support a particular aim or cause, and to speak about it and draw attention to it. In the US this means trying to obtain the support of members of Congress or a state legislature (= people making laws at state level). In Britain lobbying involves persuading MPs or members of the House of Lords to speak in parliament and the same is true for members of the Scottish Parliament or Welsh Assembly.Anyone can write to their MP or a member of Congress, or organize a petition (= a formal request signed by many people) about an issue. In Britain anyone can create an online petition about anything that the government is responsible for and, if it at least 100,000 people sign it, it will be considered for debate in the House of Commons. Most lobbying is done by pressure groups or by professional lobbyists. Pressure groups work as representatives of a particular section of society or for a specific issue or cause. Many employ full-time liaison officers to develop contacts with politicians who are likely to support them. In Britain some MPs are employed by pressure groups as consultants. They have to give details of such employment in a special Register of Members' Financial Interests.Large companies use professional lobbyists to keep them informed of what is being discussed in Congress or Parliament and to try to persuade politicians to put forward their point of view in debates. In the US lobbyists provide information to politicians, sometimes by giving evidence before Congress. They also try to influence the way members of Congress vote, for example by persuading them that a certain policy will be popular with the people they represent. Lobbyists may try to influence politicians by inviting them to lunch or dinner in an expensive restaurant or to a party. There are rules limiting what gifts politicians can accept and any gifts must be reported, but there are ways of getting around these laws. Some organizations have many lobbyists who are very active. In 2006 there was a political scandal when a lobbyist, Jack Abramoff, was charged with corruption.In Britain the methods which lobbyists use to influence MPs, and the question of whether MPs should be connected with lobbyists at all, came to public attention in 1996 when two MPs were accused of taking money in exchange for asking questions in Parliament. It became known as the cash for questions affair and led to the setting up of the Committee on Standards in Public Life and the publishing of the Register of Members' Financial Interests for each new Parliament.
    Extra Examples
    • The organization has been set up to lobby the government on behalf of all the people who have lost their pensions.创建这个组织旨在为所有失去养老金的人向政府游说。
    • Head teachers have been lobbying hard against education cuts.校长们一直在为反对削减教育经费而积极游说。
    • The decision followed months of intense lobbying of UN officials.这一决定是多月来对联合国官员频繁游说的结果。
    • The group successfully lobbied for changes in the law.这个团体为修订法律进行了游说并获得成功。
    Topics Discussion and agreementc1, Politicsc1
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadverb
    • actively
    • aggressively
    • hard
    • …
    preposition
    • against
    • for
    • on behalf of
    • …
    See full entry
    Word Originmid 16th cent. (in the sense ‘monastic cloister’): from medieval Latin lobia, lobium ‘covered walk, portico’. The verb sense (originally US) derives from the practice of frequenting the lobby of a house of legislature to influence its members into supporting a cause.
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 5302 COCA: 3736
lobby

noun

group of people who try to influence politicians游說團體ADJECTIVE | VERB + LOBBY | LOBBY + NOUN | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤powerful, strong強有力的／強大的游說團體◇a powerful anti-smoking lobby聲勢浩大的反吸煙團體➤anti-abortion, anti-hunt, environmental, gun, industrial, nuclear, political, etc.反墮胎、反狩獵、環境保護、槍支自由、行業、核能、政治等游說團體VERB + LOBBY➤form, organize成立／組織游說團體LOBBY + NOUN➤group, organization游說團體／組織PREPOSITION➤lobby against反對⋯的游說團體◇Many groups have together formed a lobby against cuts in education.許多團體聯合形成了一個反對削減教育經費的游說團體。➤lobby for支持⋯的游說團體◇Residents have organized a lobby for improved local facilities.居民組織了游說團體爭取改善當地的設施。
lobby

verb

ADVERB | PREPOSITION ADVERB➤actively, aggressively, hard, heavily積極地游說；努力游說▸➤successfully, unsuccessfully成功地／徒勞地游說PREPOSITION➤against為反對⋯而游說◇Head teachers have been lobbying hard against education cuts.校長們一直在為反對削減教育經費而積極游說。➤for為爭取⋯而游說◇The group successfully lobbied for changes in the law.這個團體為修訂法律進行了游說並獲得成功。➤on behalf of代表⋯游說◇The organization has been set up to lobby the government on behalf of all the people who have lost their pensions.創建這個組織旨在為所有失去養老金的人向政府游說。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 5302 COCA: 3736
lobby verb
⇨ campaignlobby noun
⇨ hall 2 (the hotel lobby) ⇨ party 1 (the gun lobby)
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 5302 COCA: 3736

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