- [uncountable, countable]
a serious disease in which growths of cells, also called cancers, form in the body and kill normal body cells. The disease often causes death. 癌；癌症 breast/lung cancer 乳腺癌；肺癌 Most skin cancers are completely curable. 大多数的皮肤癌是可以完全治愈的。 - cancer of something
cancer of the colon/cervix 结肠癌/宫颈癌 The cancer has spread to his stomach. 癌已扩散到他的胃部。 Smokers face an increased risk of developing lung cancer. 吸烟者患肺癌的风险增加。 to detect/diagnose/treat/cure cancer 检测/诊断/治疗/治愈癌症 The drug can lower the risk of breast cancer. 这种药物可以降低患乳腺癌的风险。 cancer patients/survivors 癌症患者/幸存者 cancer research 癌症研究 cancer screening/treatment/prevention/risk 癌症筛查/治疗/预防/风险
Collocations IllnessesIllnesses 疾病 Becoming ill 生病 - catch a cold/an infectious disease/the flu/(British English) flu/pneumonia/a virus/(informal) a bug
染上感冒／传染病／流感／肺炎／病毒／小毛病 - get (British English) ill/(North American English) sick/a disease/AIDS/breast cancer/a cold/the flu/(British English) flu/a migraine
患病／艾滋病／乳腺癌／感冒／流感／偏头痛 - come down with a cold/the flu/(British English) flu
得了感冒／流感 - contract a deadly disease/a serious illness/HIV/AIDS
感染致命疾病／严重疾病／艾滋病病毒／艾滋病 - be infected with a virus/a parasite/HIV
受病毒／寄生虫／艾滋病病毒感染 - develop cancer/diabetes/a rash/an ulcer/symptoms of hepatitis
患上癌症／糖尿病／皮疹／溃疡；出现肝炎症状 - have a heart attack/a stroke
心脏病／中风发作 - provoke/trigger/produce an allergic reaction
引起／产生过敏反应 - block/burst/rupture a blood vessel
使血管阻塞／破裂 - damage/sever a nerve/an artery/a tendon
损伤／切断神经／动脉／肌腱
Being ill 病了 - feel (British English) ill/nauseous/queasy
- be running (British English) a temperature/(North American English) a fever
发烧 - have a head cold/diabetes/heart disease/lung cancer/a headache/(British English) a high temperature/(North American English) a fever
患伤风感冒／糖尿病／心脏病／肺癌；头痛；发烧 - suffer from asthma/malnutrition/frequent headaches/bouts of depression/a mental disorder
患哮喘／营养不良症／经常性头痛／多发性抑郁症／精神错乱 - be laid up with/ (British English) be in bed with a cold/the flu/(British English) flu/a migraine
因感冒／流感／偏头痛而卧床休息 - nurse a cold/a headache/a hangover
调治感冒／头痛／宿醉 - battle/fight cancer/depression/addiction/alcoholism
与癌症／抑郁症作斗争；戒瘾；戒酒
Treatments 治疗 - examine a patient
给病人做检查 - diagnose a condition/disease/disorder
诊断疾病 - be diagnosed with cancer/diabetes/schizophrenia
诊断为癌症／糖尿病／精神分裂症 - prescribe/be given/be on/take drugs/medicine/medication/pills/painkillers/antibiotics
开／得到／服用药／药片／止痛药／抗生素 - treat somebody for cancer/depression/shock
治疗某人的癌症／抑郁症／休克 - have/undergo an examination/an operation/surgery/a kidney transplant/therapy/chemotherapy/treatment for cancer
接受检查／手术／外科手术／肾移植手术／治疗／化疗／癌症治疗 - have/be given an injection/(British English) a flu jab/(North American English) a flu shot/a blood transfusion/a scan/an X-ray
打针；接种流感疫苗；接受输血；做扫描检查；照 X 光 - cure a disease/an ailment/cancer/a headache/a patient
治疗疾病／病痛／癌症／头痛／病人 - prevent the spread of disease/further outbreaks/damage to the lungs
防止疾病扩散／疾病进一步爆发／对肺部造成伤害 - be vaccinated against the flu/(British English) flu/the measles/(British English) measles/polio/smallpox
接种流感／麻疹／小儿麻痹症／天花疫苗 - enhance/boost/confer/build immunity to a disease
增加对疾病的免疫力
Extra ExamplesTopics Illnessb2Childhood cancers have a very good survival rate. 患肿瘤的儿童存活率很高。 He died after an 18-month battle against cancer. 他同癌症抗争了 18 个月后离开了人世。 Most of the women employees have now been screened for breast cancer. 大部份女员工现已做了乳癌检查。 Prostate cancer deaths fell after screening was introduced. 在实行癌症筛查后，前列腺癌死亡人数有所下降。 The cancer risk among smokers was found to be higher. 人们发现吸烟者患癌症的危险性较大。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- breast
- cervical
- colon
- …
- have
- suffer from
- contract
- …
- spread
- occur
- recur
- …
- cell
- patient
- sufferer
- …
- a battle against cancer
- a struggle against cancer
- cancer of the cervix
- …
- [countable] (literary)
an evil or dangerous thing that spreads quickly （迅速蔓延的）邪恶；（社会）毒瘤
Word OriginOld English, from Latin, ‘crab or creeping ulcer’, translating Greek karkinos, said to have been applied to such tumours because the swollen veins around them resembled the limbs of a crab. canker was the usual form until the 17th cent. Compare with Cancer.