a punishment for breaking a law, rule or contract 惩罚；处罚；刑罚 to impose a penalty 予以惩罚 Assault carries a maximum penalty of seven years' imprisonment. 侵犯人身罪可判处最高七年的监禁。 - penalty for (doing) something
The penalty for travelling without a ticket is £200. 无票乘车的罚款为 200 英镑。 Contractors who fall behind schedule incur heavy financial penalties. 承包商如延误工期将被处以巨额罚款。 Harsher penalties are being imposed for crimes involving firearms. 对涉及枪支的犯罪行为正处以更严厉的惩罚。 a penalty clause in a contract 合同中的惩罚条款 - without penalty
You can withdraw money from the account at any time without penalty. 您可以随时从账户中提款，不收罚金。 - on penalty of something
The Romans prohibited the teaching of the Torah on penalty of death. 罗马人禁止讲授《摩西五经》，违者处死。
Extra ExamplesTopics Crime and punishmentb2, Moneyb2He threatened stiffer penalties on young offenders. 他扬言要对未成年犯施加更严厉的处罚。 He was seeking financial penalties against the company. 他正谋求对该公司处以罚款。 Some lenders charge heavy penalties for early settlement. 有些贷款人对提前还清贷款收取巨额罚金。 The legislation sanctions harsh mandatory penalties for weapons possession. 法规批准对持有武器实行严厉制裁。 The penalty handed down was disproportionate to the crime committed. 被判处的刑罚与所犯罪行不相称。 There are redemption penalties if you pay off the mortgage early. 如果提前还清按揭，要付解约费。 There is a fixed penalty fine of £50 for allowing your dog to foul public places. 狗在公共场所排便，其主人要被处以 50 英镑的定额罚款。 These crimes carried with them the ultimate penalty of execution. 这些罪行导致他们被处以极刑。 They made him promise, under penalty of death. 他们让他发誓，违则要处以死刑。 You must accept the penalty for your rash actions. 你必须为你的鲁莽行为付出代价。 You will be given a fixed penalty notice if you fail to renew insurance on time. 如未能及时续保，将收到定额罚款通知书。 a new system of fixed penalties for most traffic offences 一套新的适用于大多数交通违章的定额罚款系统 crimes which carry severe penalties 要受严惩的罪行 the heavy financial penalties of leaving the scheme early 提早退出计划而受到的严重经济处罚 the heavy financial penalties of paying off the loan early 为提前还清贷款而交纳的巨额罚款 the penalty for murder 因谋杀而受的刑罚 They deserve to face severe penalties. 他们应该面临严厉的惩罚。 The application should be signed under penalty of perjury. 申请应签字，否则以伪证罪论处。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- harsh
- heavy
- hefty
- …
- impose
- introduce
- levy
- …
- fee
- notice
- ticket
- …
- on penalty of
- under penalty of
- penalty for
- …
- penalty (of something)
a disadvantage suffered as a result of something 害处；不利 Extra ExamplesIt's just one of the penalties of fame. 它只是成名带来的苦恼之一。 People who lose their jobs are suffering the penalties for longer periods. 失业者遭受的痛苦时间更长。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryverb + penalty- pay
- suffer
- accept
- …
- penalty for
- penalty of
(in sports and games 体育运动 a disadvantage given to a player or a team when they break a rule （对犯规者的）判罚，处罚 (in football (soccer) and some other similar sports 足球和其他类似体育运动 a chance to score a goal or point without any defending players, except the goalkeeper, trying to stop it; the goal or point that is given if it is successful. This chance is given because the other team has broken the rules. 点球；罚点球得分 Two minutes later Ford equalized with a penalty. 两分钟后，福特以一记点球将比分扳平。 We were awarded a penalty after a late tackle. 对方铲球犯规后，我们得到了一个点球。 I volunteered to take the penalty (= be the person who tries to score the goal/point) 我自愿主罚点球。 He missed a penalty in the last minute of the game. 在比赛的最后一刻，他罚失了点球。
Extra ExamplesTopics Sports: ball and racket sportsc1They won, thanks to a late penalty from Fry. 他们靠弗赖伊临近终场的一粒点球赢得了比赛胜利。 We were unlucky not to get a penalty. 很不幸，我们没得到点球机会。 They were leading until Rice gave away a penalty. 他们一直领先，直到赖斯罚出一个点球。 Ricketts netted his third penalty of the season to put his team ahead. 里基茨打进了他本赛季的第三粒点球，使他的球队领先。 Kane scored from a first-half penalty. 凯恩从上半场的点球中得分。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- controversial
- disputed
- dodgy
- …
- award (somebody)
- give (somebody)
- concede
- …
- area
- box
- corner
- …
- penalty by
- penalty from
Word Originearly 16th cent.: probably via Anglo-Norman French, from medieval Latin poenalitas, based on poena ‘pain’.
Idioms
pay the/a penalty/price (for something/for doing something)
to suffer because of bad luck, a mistake or something you have done 因…受害／付代价 He looked terrible this morning. I think he's paying the penalty for all those late nights. 他今天上午脸色很不好，我想这是他一直熬夜造成的。 They're now paying the price for past mistakes. 他们现在正为过去的错误付出代价。 She thinks that any inconvenience is a price worth paying for living in such a beautiful place. 她认为任何不便都是住在这么漂亮的地方值得付出的代价。
Extra ExamplesHe's now paying the penalty for his misspent youth. 现在他要为虚度青春付出代价。 If Mac had killed Caroline, then he was going to make him pay the price. 如果马克杀了卡罗琳的话，他会让马克付出代价的。