constrain
verb (formal)- [usually passive]
to force somebody to do something or behave in a particular way 強迫；強制；迫使 - be/feel constrained to do something
The evidence was so compelling that he felt constrained to accept it. 證據是那樣的令人折服，他覺得不得不接受。 The company said that it was constrained to raise prices. 該公司說它被迫提高價格。
Extra ExamplesShe was an annoying woman, but I always felt constrained to be pleasant to her. 她是一個令人討厭的女人，但我總是覺得必須對她友好。 They found themselves constrained to accept the proposal. 他們發現自己不得不接受這個提議。
- be/feel constrained to do something
- [often passive]
to limit somebody/something 限制；限定；約束 - be constrained (by something)
Research has been constrained by a lack of funds. 研究工作因經費不足而受限制。 Men and women are becoming less constrained by stereotyped roles. 男性和女性越來越不受陳規定型角色的束縛。 - constrain something
There are a number of factors that constrain agricultural development. 有許多因素制約着農業發展。 - be/feel constrained from doing something
She felt constrained from continuing by the threat of losing her job. 由於受到失去工作的威脅，她感到很難再堅持下去。
- be constrained (by something)
Word OriginMiddle English: from Old French constraindre, from Latin constringere ‘bind tightly together’.