farm ♦︎ ranch ♦︎ plantation ♦︎ orchard ♦︎ vineyard ♦︎ grove ♦︎ homesteadThese words all mean an area of land that is used for growing crops or keeping animals.這些詞均指農場、牧場、種植園。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆on a farm / ranch / plantation / vineyard / homestead◆at a farm / ranch / plantation / vineyard◆in a plantation / an orchard / a vineyard / a grove◆a 5-hectare, 100-acre, etc. farm / ranch / plantation / orchard / vineyard◆a cattle / sheep farm / ranch◆a fruit farm / plantation / orchard■farm [countable] an area of land, and the buildings on it, used for growing crops and/or keeping animals; the main house on a farm, where the farmer lives農場;農舍◆It's a dairy farm producing speciality cheeses.這是個生産特色奶酪的乳牛場。◆Many farm workers face low wages and poor working conditions.很多農場工人收入低,工作條件差。ⓘ Farm is also used in compounds to mean a place where particular fish or animals are bred. * farm亦用於構成複合詞,指養殖場、飼養場◆a fish / trout / mink / pig farm養魚場;鳟魚養殖場;水貂飼養場;養豬場■ranchrɑːntʃ; NAmEræntʃ [countable] a large farm, especially in North America or Australia, where large animals such as cows, horses or sheep are bred(尤指北美或澳大利亞的)牧場,大農場◆She grew up on a cattle ranch in Wyoming.她在懷俄明州的牧牛場長大。◆We hired three new ranch hands(= the people who work on a ranch).我們新僱用了三名牧場工人。■plantationplɑːnˈteɪʃn; NAmEplænˈteɪʃn [countable] a large area of land, especially in a hot country, where crops such as coffee, sugar and rubber are grown種植園,種植場(尤指熱帶國家種植咖啡、甘蔗、橡膠等的大莊園)◆a banana / coffee plantation香蕉/咖啡種植園■orchardˈɔːtʃəd; NAmEˈɔːrtʃərd [countable] a piece of land, normally enclosed, in which fruit trees are grown果園◆an apple / a cherry orchard.蘋果園;櫻桃園■vineyardˈvɪnjəd; NAmEˈvɪnjərd [countable] a piece of land where grapes are grown in order to produce wine(爲釀酒而種植的)葡萄園◆Dutch settlers planted the first vineyard when they arrived in 1652.荷蘭移民1652年抵達後種植了第一個葡萄園。■grovegrəʊv; NAmEgroʊv [countable] a small area of land with fruit trees of a particular type on it(小片)果樹林,果園◆olive / lemon groves橄欖園;檸檬園NOTE辨析 Orchard or grove?An orchard is usually enclosed and is usually for growing fruit such as apples, pears, plums and cherries that grow well in cooler countries; groves are usually open and are usually for growing fruit such as olives, oranges and lemons that grow well in warmer countries. * orchard通常是封閉的,種植的通常是適宜在涼爽地區生長的蘋果、梨、李子、櫻桃等水果;grove通常是沒有圍欄的,種植的通常是適宜在溫暖地區生長的橄欖、橙子、檸檬等水果。■homesteadˈhəʊmsted; NAmEˈhoʊmsted [countable] (especially NAmE) a house where a family lives and the land and buildings around it, especially a small farm; (in the US in the past) a piece of land given to sb by the government on condition that they lived on it and grew crops on it(包括周圍土地和附屬房屋的)家宅;(尤指)農莊;宅地(美國舊時由國家分給個人居住並開墾的土地)◆What began as a small family homestead is now a 5 000-acre ranch.起初的家庭小農莊現在已發展成5 000英畝的大牧場。farm
verb
farm ♦︎ grow ♦︎ plough ♦︎ cultivate ♦︎ plant ♦︎ workThese words all mean to use or prepare ground for growing crops.這些詞均表示耕種、種田、務農。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to farm / plough / cultivate / plant / work the land◆to grow / cultivate / plant crops◆to plough / plant / work a field◆to be organically / intensively farmed / grown / cultivated■farm [intransitive, transitive] to use land for growing crops and/or keeping animals務農;從事畜牧業;耕種;飼養◆The family has farmed in Kent for over two hundred years.這個家族在肯特務農兩百多年了。◆They farm dairy cattle.他們飼養奶牛。◆He farmed 200 acres of prime arable land.他耕種了200英畝良田。▸farming
noun
[uncountable] ◆sheep / dairy / organic farming牧羊;養奶牛;有機耕作■grow(grew, grown) [transitive] to put seeds or plants in the ground and take care of them, usually in order to use or sell the plants later栽培;種植◆I didn't know they grew rice in Spain.我以前不知道西班牙也種稻子。◆I grew all these flowers from one packet of seeds.這些花全都是我用一包種子種出來的。■plough (BrE) (NAmEplow) plaʊ [transitive, intransitive] to turn over and break up the ground in a field or other area of land by using a plough(= a large piece of farming equipment), especially in order to prepare the ground for growing crops犁(田);耕(地);翻(土)◆The land was divided into large ploughed fields.這片地被分割成幾大塊犁過的田。■cultivate ˈkʌltɪveɪt [transitive] (formalorwritten) to prepare and use land for growing plants or crops; to grow plants or crops耕;耕作;種植◆The land around here has never been cultivated.這一帶的土地從未開墾過。◆The people cultivate mainly rice and beans.人們主要種植稻子和豆類。▸cultivation
noun
[uncountable] ◆fertile land that is under cultivation肥沃的耕地◆rice cultivation水稻種植■plant [transitive] to cover an area of land such as a garden or field with plants(在某處)栽種◆The field had been ploughed and planted with corn.這塊地已犁過並種上了玉米。■work [transitive] to do the hard physical work that is needed to grow crops on an area of land(人工)耕種;幹農活◆Boys who didn't go to school worked the land with their fathers.不上學的男孩跟父親一起種田。