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TOEFL BNC: 391 COCA: 320

understand

verb
 OPAL S
/ˌʌndəˈstænd/
/ˌʌndərˈstænd/
not usually used in the progressive tenses通常不用于进行时
Word Family
  • understand verb (≠ misunderstand)
  • understandable adjective
  • misunderstood adjective
  • understanding adjective noun (≠ misunderstanding)
Verb Forms
present simple I / you / we / they understand
/ˌʌndəˈstænd/
/ˌʌndərˈstænd/
he / she / it understands
/ˌʌndəˈstændz/
/ˌʌndərˈstændz/
past simple understood
/ˌʌndəˈstʊd/
/ˌʌndərˈstʊd/
past participle understood
/ˌʌndəˈstʊd/
/ˌʌndərˈstʊd/
he / she / it understanding
/ˌʌndəˈstændɪŋ/
/ˌʌndərˈstændɪŋ/
Idioms
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    meaning意思

  1.  
     [transitive, intransitive] to know or realize the meaning of words, a language, what somebody says, etc.懂；理解；领会
    • understand (something) Can you understand French?你懂法语吗？
    • Do you understand the instructions?你懂得这些指令的意思吗？
    • She didn't understand the form she was signing.她弄不懂她正在签署的表格。
    • His accent made him difficult to understand.他的口音使他难以理解。
    • I'm not sure that I understand. Go over it again.我不敢说我搞懂了。请再来一遍吧。
    • I don't want you doing that again. Do you understand?我不许你再这样做。你听明白了吗？
    • understand what… I don't understand what he's saying.我不明白他在说些什么。
    Express Yourself Asking for clarificationAsking for clarification请求澄清When you are given some information or asked to do something, you may need to check that you have understood correctly. Here are some ways of asking people to clarify what they said:别人告知一些信息或提出要求时需要核实自己的理解是否正确。以下是一些请求他人澄清事由的方式：
      • I’m sorry, I didn’t quite understand.对不起，我不太明白。
      • Would you mind explaining that again? I’m not sure that I’ve understood correctly.请你再解释一遍行吗？我拿不准我理解得对不对。
      • Sorry, I don't quite follow (you).抱歉，我没太听懂（你的话）。
      • Can I just check that I’ve got this right?我核实一下我的理解是否正确好吗？
      • I’m not quite/​exactly clear about/​really sure what I’m supposed to do.我不太清楚／不太肯定该做什么。
      • Sorry, could you repeat that? I didn’t hear what you said.对不起，你能再说一遍吗？你刚才说的我没听到。
      • Sorry, would you mind repeating what you just said?对不起，请你把刚才说的话重复一遍好吗？
      • If I understand you correctly, you want me to phone the customer and apologise?如果我的理解没错，你是要我打电话给客户道歉？
      • Do you mean (to say) that the deal's off?你的意思是（说）交易取消了？
      • What exactly are you saying?你到底在说什么？
      • So you're saying that the meeting's cancelled?那么你是说会议取消了？
      • Sorry, did you mean that I should wait here or come back later?抱歉，你的意思是我该在这里等，还是一会儿再过来？
      • Can you just confirm your date of birth for me, please?请您帮我确认一下您的出生日期好吗？
    Grammar Point want / like / love / hate / thinkwant / like / love / hate / think
    • These verbs belong to a group known as stative verbs because they describe a state rather than an action (although think can describe either an action or a state). Stative verbs are not usually used in the progressive tenses. However, it is becoming more common for some stative verbs to be used with progressive tenses. Stative verbs such as want, like, love, hate and think are sometimes used in informal language to describe a state at a particular moment, or a state that continues for a period of time:
      • Why are you wanting a new phone when your current one works perfectly well?为什么你想要一部新手机，而你现在的手机工作得很好？
      • What shall we do tonight? I’m thinking bowling.今晚我们做什么？我在想保龄球。
      • I’m loving the weather today! 我喜欢今天的天气！
      Other stative verbs that can be used this way include prefer, remember, taste and understand
    Extra Examples
    • I could barely understand a word of his story.他的故事我几乎一个字都没听懂。
    • If I've understood you correctly…如果我对你的话理解得没错⋯
    • The girl understands immediately and promises to be more careful.女孩立刻就明白了，并保证会更仔细些。
    • I finally understood what she meant.我终于理解了她的意思。
    • What is generally understood by ‘democracy’?对“民主”的一般理解是什么？
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadverb
    • clearly
    • well
    • completely
    • …
    verb + understand
    • be able to
    • can
    • be unable to
    • …
    preposition
    • about
    • as
    phrases
    • be commonly understood
    • be generally understood
    • be popularly understood
    • …
    See full entry
    2.

    how something works/happens运作；发生

  2.  
     [transitive] to know or realize how or why something happens, how it works or why it is important了解；认识到；明了
    • understand something Doctors still don't understand much about the disease.医生对这种疾病仍了解不多。
    • No one is answering the phone—I can't understand it.没人接电话，我不知道是怎么回事。
    • I fully understand the reason for your decision.我完全理解你作出这一决定的理由。
    • She understands the importance of good design.她理解好设计的重要性。
    • understand why, what, etc… I could never understand why she was fired.我怎么也不明白她为何被解雇。
    • It is easy to understand how he made this mistake.很容易理解他是如何犯这个错误的。
    • They’re too young to understand what is happening.他们太年轻了，不明白发生了什么。
    • understand somebody/something doing something I just can't understand him taking the money.我真想不通他为什么会偷钱。
    • (formal) I just can't understand his taking the money.我真想不通他为什么会偷钱。
    • understand that… He was the first to understand that we live in a knowledge economy.他最早认识到我们正处于知识经济的时代。
    • be understood as something The national housing market is better understood as a collection of small, local housing markets.全国住房市场被更好地理解为一个小型的地方住房市场的集合。
    Synonyms understandunderstand
    • see
    • get
    • follow
    • grasp
    • comprehend
    These words all mean to know or realize something, for example why something happens, how something works or what something means.
    • understand to know or realize the meaning of words, a language, what somebody says, etc; to know or realize how or why something happens, how it works or why it is important:
      • I don’t understand the instructions.我不懂这些指令的意思。
      • Doctors still don’t understand much about the disease.医生对这种疾病还了解不多。
    • see to understand what is happening, what somebody is saying, how something works or how important something is:
      • ‘It opens like this.’ ‘Oh, I see.’“这样就打开了。”“哦，我明白了。”
      • Oh yes, I see what you mean.噢，我明白你的意思了。
    • get (informal) to understand a joke, what somebody is trying to tell you, or a situation that they are trying to describe:指理解、明白（笑话、某人试图告知的事或描述的情况）：
      • She didn’t get the joke.她听不懂那个笑话。
      • I don’t get you.我搞不懂你的意思。
    • follow to understand an explanation, a story or the meaning of something:
      • Sorry—I don’t quite follow.抱歉，我没太听懂（你的话）。
      • The plot is almost impossible to follow.故事情节几乎叫人不明所以。
    • grasp to come to understand a fact, an idea or how to do something:
      • They failed to grasp the importance of his words.他们没有理解他的话的重要性。
    understand or grasp?用 understand 还是 grasp？You can use understand or grasp for the action of realizing the meaning or importance of something for the first time: It’s a difficult concept for children to understand/​grasp. Only understand can be used to talk about languages, words or writing: I don’t grasp French/​the instructions.
    • comprehend (often used in negative statements) (formal) to understand a fact, idea or reason:（常用于否定句中）指理解、领悟、明白（事实、想法或原因）：
      • The concept of infinity is almost impossible for the human mind to comprehend.无穷的概念几乎是人类的大脑无法理解的。
    Patterns
    • to understand/​see/​get/​follow/​grasp/​comprehend what/​why/​how…
    • to understand/​see/​grasp/​comprehend that…
    • to understand/​see/​get/​grasp the point/​idea (of something)
    • to be easy/​difficult/​hard to understand/​see/​follow/​grasp/​comprehend
    • to fully understand/​see/​grasp/​comprehend something
    Extra Examples
    • Her behaviour wounded him in a way he did not really understand.她的行为伤害了他，他并不真正理解。
    • They won't necessarily understand the pros and cons of the matter.他们不一定理解这件事的利与弊。
    • The effects of these chemicals on the body are still poorly understood.这些化学品对身体的影响还不太清楚。
    • These beliefs are best understood as a form of escapism.对这些信仰的最恰当解读是将其理解为一种对现实的逃避。
    • a woman struggling to understand an incomprehensible situation一位努力去理解异常复杂局势的女性
    • I can't understand what all the fuss is about.我不明白为什么这样大惊小怪。
    • We came to understand why certain things happened in certain ways.我们逐步理解了为什么有些事情会以特定方式发生。
    • She understood that this was her last chance.她明白这是她最后的机会。
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadverb
    • clearly
    • well
    • completely
    • …
    verb + understand
    • be able to
    • can
    • be unable to
    • …
    preposition
    • about
    • as
    phrases
    • be commonly understood
    • be generally understood
    • be popularly understood
    • …
    See full entry
    3.

    know somebody了解某人

  3.  
     [transitive, intransitive] to know somebody’s character, how they feel and why they behave in the way they do了解；谅解；体谅
    • understand somebody Nobody understands me.没有人了解我。
    • He doesn't understand women at all.他根本就不了解女性。
    • We understand each other, even if we don’t always agree.我们相互理解，即使我们并不总是一致。
    • understand what, how, etc… They understand what I have been through.他们对我的遭遇很同情。
    • I understand how hard things have been for you.我明白你的处境有多艰难。
    • understand (that…) I quite understand that you need some time alone.我很理解你需要独自静一会。
    • If you want to leave early, I'm sure he'll understand.如果你想早些离开，我相信他会体谅的。
    • understand somebody doing something I quite understand you needing some time alone.我很理解你需要独自静一会。
    • (formal) I quite understand your needing some time alone.我很理解你需要一些独处的时间。
    Extra Examples
    • These categories help us to better understand our readers.这些类别有助于我们更好地理解我们的读者。
    • She realized that she had never properly understood him.她意识到自己从来没有真正了解他。
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadverb
    • clearly
    • well
    • completely
    • …
    verb + understand
    • be able to
    • can
    • be unable to
    • …
    preposition
    • about
    • as
    phrases
    • be commonly understood
    • be generally understood
    • be popularly understood
    • …
    See full entry
    4.

    think/believe认为；相信

  4. [transitive] (formal) to think or believe that something is true because you have been told that it is得知；据信；认为
    • understand (that)… I understand (that) you wish to see the manager.我听说您想见经理。
    • Am I to understand that you refuse?你是告诉我你拒绝了？
    • understand somebody/something to be/have something The Prime Minister is understood to have been extremely angry about the report.据说首相对这份报告大为恼火。
    • it is understood that… It is understood that the band are working on their next album.据说这个乐队正在录制他们的下一张专辑。
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadverb
    • clearly
    • well
    • completely
    • …
    verb + understand
    • be able to
    • can
    • be unable to
    • …
    preposition
    • about
    • as
    phrases
    • be commonly understood
    • be generally understood
    • be popularly understood
    • …
    See full entry
    5.

    be agreed得到赞同

  5. [transitive] it is understood that… to agree something with somebody without it needing to be said默认；默许；不言而喻
    • I thought it was understood that my expenses would be paid.我原以为对方已同意支付我的费用。
    Topics Discussion and agreementc2
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadverb
    • clearly
    • well
    • completely
    • …
    verb + understand
    • be able to
    • can
    • be unable to
    • …
    preposition
    • about
    • as
    phrases
    • be commonly understood
    • be generally understood
    • be popularly understood
    • …
    See full entry
    6.

    missing word省略的字

  6. [transitive, usually passive] understand something to realize that a word in a phrase or sentence is not expressed and to supply it in your mind领会；清楚；推断出
    • In the sentence ‘I can't drive’, the object ‘a car’ is understood.在 I can't drive 一句中，宾语 a car 是不言自明的。
    7. Word OriginOld English understandan (see under-, stand).
Idioms
give somebody to believe/understand (that)…
  1. [often passive] (formal) to make somebody believe/understand something使某人相信；使某人理解
    • I was given to understand that she had resigned.我得知她已经辞职了。
make yourself understood
  1. to make your meaning clear, especially in another language（尤指用另一种语言）把自己的意思说清楚
    • He doesn't speak much Japanese but he can make himself understood.他不大会讲日语，不过尚能勉强表达意思。

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