cope ♦︎ manage ♦︎ get by ♦︎ get on ♦︎ muddle throughThese words all mean to deal successfully with a situation, often in spite of difficulties.这些词均表示克服困难成功应对、处理。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to cope / manage / get by / muddle through without sth◆to manage / get by on sth◆to manage / get by / muddle through somehow◆to cope / manage / get on on your own◆to cope / manage well◆to just cope / manage / muddle through■cope [intransitive] to deal successfully with the difficulties of a particular situation(成功地)对付,应对,处理◆He wasn't able to cope with the stresses and strains of the job.他无法应付这份工作的紧张与压力。◆She copes very well under pressure.她在压力下应对自如。◆I got to the stage where I just couldn't cope any more.到了这个阶段,我已经应付不来了。◆In heavy rain the system can't cope and it floods.下大雨时这个系统无法应付,会被水淹没。◆Desert plants are adapted to cope with extreme heat.沙漠植物能适应酷热。■manage [intransitive] to be able to solve your problems or deal with a difficult situation能解决(问题);应付得了(困难局面)◆How do you manage without a car?没车你怎么应付的?◆Many find it difficult to manage on their weekly income.许多人发现很难靠每周的薪水过活。◆It won't be easy, but I'm sure we'll manage somehow.这不容易,但我相信我们总会找到办法应付的。NOTE辨析 Cope or manage?The subject of manage in this meaning is always a person; the subject of cope may be a person, thing or system.表达此义时,manage的主语总是人,cope的主语可以是人、东西或系统◆In heavy rain the system can't manage.People or systems often have to copewith a particular difficulty such as stress, pressure, problems, demands, a workload, a challenge, a situation or an emergency. People often have to managein a particular situation, without a particular thing that they need or usually have, or on a limited amount of money. * cope with的主语是人或系统时,宾语常为具体的困难,如stress、pressure、problem、demand、workload、challenge、situation或emergency等。manage后可接介词短语。表示在某种处境中用in,表示缺少必要条件或常用物品用without,表示依靠有限的钱款用on。■ˌget ˈby
phrasal verb
(getting, got, got; NAmEspokengetting, got, gotten) (ratherinformal) to manage to live or do a particular thing using the money, knowledge or equipment that you have, especially when it is limited or less than normal(靠有限或不充裕的金钱、知识或设备)维持生计,设法过活,勉强应付◆How does she get by on such a small salary?她靠那点儿微薄的工资怎么生活?◆I can just about get by in German(= I can speak basic German).我的德语只能勉强应付。◆You don't need specialist clothing-you can get by with shorts and a T-shirt.你不需要穿专业的服装,穿短裤和T恤就可以了。■get on
phrasal verb
(getting, got, got; NAmEspokengetting, got, gotten) (ratherinformal) to manage to live or do sth, especially with little help(尤指甚少帮助的情况下)对付,应付,过活◆This is a chance to see how you get on on your own.这是一个看你自己怎么应对的机会。◆We can get on perfectly well without her.没有她我们也能过得很好。■ˌmuddle ˈthrough
phrasal verb
(especially BrE, ratherinformal) to deal successfully with sth even though you do not know exactly what you are doing and/or do not have the correct equipment胡乱应付过去◆He'd got used to muddling through without any formal training.他习惯了不经任何正式培训而胡乱应付了事。