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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 4815 COCA: 6243

surplus

noun
/ˈsɜːpləs/
/ˈsɜːrplʌs/
[countable, uncountable]
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  1. an amount that is extra or more than you need过剩;剩余;过剩量;剩余额
    • food surpluses过剩的食物
    • in surplus Wheat was in surplus that year.那一年小麦过剩。
    see also army surplus
    Extra Examples
    • a large grain surplus大量余粮
    • After meeting domestic needs any surplus will be exported.满足国内需求后所有的剩余产品都销往国外。
    • Agricultural surpluses lead to the disposal of thousands of tonnes of food every year.农产品过剩造成每年有数千吨食物被丢弃。
    • This surplus of food led to an unusual increase in the bird population.食物过剩导致鸟类数量异常增加。
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • big
    • huge
    • large
    verb + surplus
    • have
    • run
    • generate
    surplus + noun
    • cash
    • stock
    preposition
    • in surplus
    See full entry
  2. the amount by which the amount of money received is greater than the amount of money spent盈余;顺差
    • a surplus of £400 million4亿英镑的盈余
    • in surplus The balance of payments was in surplus last year (= the value of exports was greater than the value of imports).去年国际收支有盈余。
    Collocations International relationsInternational relations国际关系Trade贸易
    • facilitate/​regulate trade (with other countries)促进/规范(与其他国家的)贸易
    • form/​join a trading bloc建立/加入贸易同盟
    • live in/​compete in a global/​the world economy生存于全球/世界经济中;参与全球/世界经济竞争
    • support/​promote free trade支持/促进自由贸易
    • adopt/​call for/​oppose protectionist measures采取/呼吁/反对保护主义措施
    • erect/​impose/​reduce/​remove trade barriers设置/推行/减少/消除贸易壁垒
    • impose/​lift/​raise/​eliminate import tariffs (on something)征收/取消/提高/废除(某物的)进口关税
    • have/​run a huge/​large/​growing trade surplus/​deficit有巨额/持续增长的贸易顺差/逆差
    • embrace/​resist/​drive globalization接受/抵制/推进全球化
    Politics and law政治与法律
    • conduct/​handle/​talk about/​discuss foreign policy执行/掌控/谈论/讨论外交政策
    • pursue an aggressive/​a hawkish foreign policy执行强硬的外交政策
    • require/​use/​conduct diplomacy需要/使用/实施外交手段
    • establish/​break off/​sever/​restore diplomatic relations建立/中断/断绝/恢复外交关系
    • foster/​promote/​strengthen regional cooperation促进地区间合作
    • facilitate/​achieve economic/​political integration促进/实现经济/政治一体化
    • exercise/​defend/​protect/​transfer/​restore/​regain national/​state/​full/​limited sovereignty行使/维护/保护/移交/恢复/重获民族/国家/全部/部分主权
    • consolidate/​extend/​lose/​retain your power (in the region)巩固/扩张/丧失/保持(区域内的)势力
    • hold/​maintain/​change/​alter/​shift/​be a shift in the balance of power (in the region)维持/改变(区域内的)势力均衡
    • cause/​create/​open/​expose/​heal/​repair a deep/​growing/​major/​serious rift between X and Y导致/造成/引发/暴露出/弥合/修复 X 与 Y 之间深层次的/不断扩大的/主要的/严重的分歧
    Meetings and agreements会议与协议
    • have/​hold/​host/​attend an international conference/​an economic forum/​a G20 summit召开/举行/主办/出席国际会议/经济论坛/二十国集团峰会
    • launch a new round of global/​multilateral/​world trade negotiations发起新一轮的全球/多边/世界贸易谈判
    • send/​head/​lead/​meet a high-level/​an official/​a trade delegation派遣/领导/带领/会见高层/官方/贸易代表团
    • begin/​start/​continue/​resume peace talks开始/继续/重启和平谈判
    • be committed to/​be opposed to/​disrupt/​undermine/​derail/​sabotage the peace process致力于/反对/扰乱/损害/干扰/破坏和平进程
    • negotiate/​achieve a lasting political settlement达成/取得长期的政治协议
    • broker/​sign a peace deal/​agreement/​treaty协商/签署和平协议
    Conflict冲突
    • be/​constitute/​pose a threat to global security构成对全球安全的一大威胁
    • compromise/​endanger/​protect national security损害/危及/保护国家安全
    • justify/​be in favour of/ (US English) be in favor of/​be against military intervention证明军事干预合理;支持/反对军事干预
    • threaten/​authorize/​launch/​take/​support/​oppose unilateral/​pre-emptive military action扬言采取/授权使用/发起/采取/支持/反对单边的/先发制人的军事行动
    • impose/​enforce/​lift/​end economic sanctions/​an arms embargo/​a naval blockade强制实行/解除经济制裁/武器禁运/海上封锁
    • close/​protect/​secure/​patrol the border封锁/保卫边境;在边境地区巡逻
    • lead/​be involved in a peacekeeping operation领导/参与维和行动
    Aid援助
    • negotiate/​announce a $15 billion aid package/​an economic stimulus package达成/宣布 150 亿美元的一套援助计划/刺激经济的一揽子计划
    • send/​provide/​request/​cut off military aid派遣/提供/请求/中断军事援助
    • bring/​provide emergency/​humanitarian relief带来/提供紧急/人道主义救助
    • deliver/​distribute medical supplies/(British English) food parcels/(North American English)food packages
    • fund/​run a foreign/​a local/​an international NGO资助/管理外国/当地/国际非政府组织
    • reduce/​eradicate child/​global/​world poverty减少/根除儿童/全球性/世界性贫困
    compare deficit see also trade surplus
    Extra Examples
    • Japan runs a large current-account surplus.日本拥有巨额的经常账户盈余。
    • The pension fund is in surplus.养老基金有盈余。
    • a projected surplus of $5.6 trillion over ten years预计的 10 年 56 亿美元盈余
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • big
    • huge
    • large
    verb + surplus
    • have
    • run
    • generate
    surplus + noun
    • cash
    • stock
    preposition
    • in surplus
    See full entry
  3. Word Originlate Middle English: from Old French sourplus, from medieval Latin superplus, from super- ‘in addition’ + plus ‘more’.

surplus

adjective
/ˈsɜːpləs/
/ˈsɜːrplʌs/
jump to other results
  1. more than is needed or used过剩的;剩余的;多余的
    • surplus cash剩余的现金
    • Surplus grain is being sold for export.过剩的谷物正销往国外。
    • This diet guarantees to help you shed surplus fat.这种饮食保证能帮助你减掉多余的脂肪。
    • surplus to something These items are surplus to requirements (= not needed).这几项不需要。
    Word Originlate Middle English: from Old French sourplus, from medieval Latin superplus, from super- ‘in addition’ + plus ‘more’.

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