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IELTS BNC: 242 COCA: 381

second1

determiner, ordinal number
/ˈsekənd/
/ˈsekənd/
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  1. happening or coming next after the first in a series of similar things or people; 2nd第二(的)
    • This is the second time it's happened.这已是第二次了。
    • Italy scored a second goal just after half-time.下半场刚刚开始,意大利队便射入第二个球。
    • the second of June/June 2nd六月二日
    • He was the second to arrive.他是第二个到的。
    • We have one child and are expecting our second in July.我们有一个孩子,第二个预期在七月出生。
  2. next in order of importance, size, quality, etc. to one other person or thing(重要性、规模、质量等)居第二位的
    • Osaka is Japan's second-largest city.大阪是日本的第二大城市。
    • Birmingham, the UK’s second city伯明翰,英国的第二大城市
    • Basketball is second only to soccer in global popularity.篮球在全球受欢迎程度仅次于足球。
    • As a dancer, he is second to none (= nobody is a better dancer than he is).他的舞技不亚于任何人。
  3. [only before noun] another; in addition to one that you already own or use另外的;外加的
    • They have a second home in Tuscany.他们在托斯卡纳还有一个家。
    • teachers of English as a second language (= to people who already speak one or more other languages)英语作为第二语言的教师
  4. Word Origindeterminer Middle English: via Old French from Latin secundus ‘following, second’, from the base of sequi ‘follow’. The verb dates from the late 16th cent.

second1

adverb
/ˈsekənd/
/ˈsekənd/
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  1. after one other person or thing in order or importance以第二名;以第二位
    • She came second in the marathon.她在马拉松比赛中获得第二名。
    • One of the smaller parties came a close second (= nearly won).其中一个较小的政党差一点就获胜了。
    • The women's team came in fourth and the men finished second. 女子队获得第四名,男子队获得第二名。
    • I agreed to speak second.我同意第二个发言。
    • He is a writer first and a scientist second.他首先是作家,然后才是科学家。
    • I came second (to) last (= the one before the last one) in the race.我在赛跑中得了倒数第二。
    • We're not here to run second. We want to win races.我们不是来跑第二的。我们想赢得比赛。
    • The club lies second in the Premiership. 该俱乐部在英超排名第二。
  2. used to introduce the second of a list of points you want to make in a speech or piece of writing(用于列举)第二,其次 synonym secondly
    • She did it first because she wanted to, and second because I asked her to.她做那件事,首先是因为她自己想做,其次是因为我要她做。
    Language Bank firstfirstOrdering your points梳理要点
      • This study has the following aims: first, to investigate how international students in the UK use humour; second, to examine how jokes can help to establish social relationships; and third, to explore the role that humour plays in helping overseas students adjust to life in the UK.本研究有以下几个目的:第一,调查在英国的留学生如何运用幽默;第二,考察笑话如何帮助建立社交关系;第三,探究幽默对留学生适应英国生活所起的作用。
      • Let us begin by identifying some of the popular joke genres in the UK.首先我们来探究一下流行于英国的一些笑话类型。
      • Next, let us turn to/Next, let us consider the question of gender differences in the use of humour.接下来,我们来探讨一下运用幽默的性别差异问题。
      • Finally/Lastly, let us briefly examine the role of humour in defining a nation’s culture.最后,我们来简略地探讨一下幽默在界定民族文化中所起的作用。
    Language Bank processprocessDescribing a process描述过程
      • This diagram illustrates the process of paper-making./This diagram shows how paper is made.这个图说明了造纸的过程。
      • First/First of all, logs are delivered to a paper mill, where the bark is removed and the wood is cut into small chips.首先,原木被运送到造纸厂,在那里去掉树皮,然后被切成木片。
      • Next/Second, the wood chips are pulped, either using chemicals or in a pulping machine.接下来,用化学品或磨浆机把木片化成浆。
      • Pulping breaks down the internal structure of the wood and enables/allows the natural oils to be removed.制浆过程使木材的内部结构分解,从而去除木材里的天然油。
      • Once/After the wood has been pulped, the pulp is bleached in order to remove impurities. /…is bleached so that impurities can be removed.木材制成浆后,将其漂白以去除杂质。
      • The next stage is to feed the pulp into the paper machine, where it is mixed with water and then poured onto a wire conveyor belt.下一步便是将纸浆送入制纸机,与水混合后再倒入金属传送带。
      • As the pulp travels along the conveyor belt, the water drains away. This causes the solid material to sink to the bottom, forming a layer of paper.当纸浆沿传送带传送时,水分蒸发,使得固体物质沉到底部,形成一层纸。
      • At this point the new paper is still wet, so it is passed between large heated rollers, which press out the remaining water and simultaneously dry the paper/…dry the paper at the same time.这时,新出的纸仍然是湿的,故让其经过几个巨大的热滚筒,挤压脱水并同时烘干。
      • The final stage is to wind the paper onto large rolls./Finally, the paper is wound onto large rolls.最后一步是将纸卷在巨大的卷轴上。
  3. Word Originadverb Middle English: via Old French from Latin secundus ‘following, second’, from the base of sequi ‘follow’. The verb dates from the late 16th cent.

second1

noun
/ˈsekənd/
/ˈsekənd/
Idioms
jump to other results
  1. [countable]
    (symbol )
    (abbreviation sec.)
    a unit for measuring time. There are 60 seconds in one minute.秒(时间单位)
    • in… seconds She can run 100 metres in just over 11 seconds.她跑 100 米只需 11 秒多一点。
    • for… seconds For several seconds he did not reply.一连几秒钟,他都没有回答。
    • every… seconds The light flashes every five seconds.灯每五秒闪烁一次。
    • per second The water flows at about 1.5 metres per second.水的流速约为每秒 1.5 米。
    • The end of the game is only a matter of seconds away.比赛离结束只有几秒钟了。
    • Every few seconds, she would turn towards the door.每隔几秒钟,她就会转向门口。
    • The scene lasts six seconds.场景持续六秒。
    • He scored with less than 60 seconds on the clock (= less than 60 seconds after the game started).他用不到60秒的时间得分。
    Extra Examples
    • I was counting the seconds until the bell.我一直在计时,直到铃响。
    • If he'd reacted a fraction of a second later, he would surely have died.如果他当时反应稍慢一丁点儿,就必死无疑了。
    • It took a couple of seconds to realize what was going on.过了一会儿才意识到发生了什么事。
    • She had wasted a few precious seconds.她浪费了宝贵的几秒钟。
    • She wanted to spend every second with him.她想时时刻刻跟他在一起。
    • The room seemed to grow hotter with each passing second.时间一秒一秒地过去,房间似乎也一点儿一点儿热起来了。
    • The seconds ticked by.时间分分秒秒地流逝。
    Topics Timea1
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • brief
    • fleeting
    • mere
    verb + second
    • take
    • have
    • hang on
    second + verb
    • go by
    • pass
    • tick by
    second + noun
    • hand
    preposition
    • for a second
    • in a second
    • in seconds
    phrases
    • a couple of seconds
    • a fraction of a second
    • a matter of seconds
    See full entry
  2. [countable]
    (also informal sec)
    a very short time片刻;瞬间 synonym moment
    • in a second I'll be with you in a second.我马上就去你那儿。
    • in/within seconds They had finished within seconds.他们几秒钟内就完成了。
    • He scored again in the dying seconds (= the last few seconds) of the game.他在比赛的最后几秒钟再次得分。
    • He got out with seconds to spare. 他还剩几秒钟就出来了。
    see also split second
    • Wait a second—this letter's been sent to me by mistake.等一会儿,这封信误送到我这儿了。
    • This will only take a second.这只需要一小会儿。
    • I hesitated for a second before speaking.开口说话之前我犹豫了一下。
    • For a second I thought you were my mother.一时间我还以为你是我母亲呢。
    • For a heart-stopping second he thought he had lost his keys.有一瞬间他吓了一跳,以为钥匙丢了。
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • brief
    • fleeting
    • mere
    verb + second
    • take
    • have
    • hang on
    second + verb
    • go by
    • pass
    • tick by
    second + noun
    • hand
    preposition
    • for a second
    • in a second
    • in seconds
    phrases
    • a couple of seconds
    • a fraction of a second
    • a matter of seconds
    See full entry
  3. [countable]
    (symbol )
    a unit for measuring angles. There are 60 seconds in one minute.秒(角度单位)
    • 1° 6′ 10″ (= one degree, six minutes and ten seconds)1 度 6 分 10 秒
  4. seconds
    [plural] (informal) a second amount of the same food that you have just eaten再来的一份食物
    • Seconds, anybody?有谁需要再来一份吗?
  5. [countable, usually plural] an item that is sold at a lower price than usual because it is not perfect次货;二等货;等外品
  6. (also second gear)
    [uncountable] one of six or seven positions of the gears in a vehicle(车辆的)二挡
    • to change down from third to second从第三名降为第二名
    • in second When it's icy, move off in second.路面有冰时,起步挂二挡。
  7. [countable] a level of university degree at British universities. An upper second is a good degree and a lower second is average.二等学位(英国大学学位等级,upper second 为二等上,较好;lower second 为二等下,一般)
    • He got a good second in history.他获得历史专业的二级优等学位。
    compare first, thirdTopics Educationc2
  8. [countable] a person whose role is to help and support somebody else, for example in a boxing match or in a formal duel in the past(拳击比赛或旧时正式决斗的)助手
  9. Word Originnoun senses 1 to 3 late Middle English: from medieval Latin secunda (minuta) ‘second (minute)’, feminine (used as a noun) of secundus, referring to the “second” operation of dividing an hour by sixty. noun senses 4 to 8 Middle English: via Old French from Latin secundus ‘following, second’, from the base of sequi ‘follow’. The verb dates from the late 16th cent.
Idioms
just a minute/moment/second
  1. (informal) used to ask somebody to wait for a short time稍等一会儿;请稍候
    • ‘Is Mr Burns available?’ ‘Just a second, please, I'll check.’“我可以见伯恩斯先生吗?” “请稍等一会儿,我来查一下。”
wait a minute/moment/second
  1. to wait for a short time等一会儿;稍等一下
    • Can you wait a second while I make a call?你能等一会儿让我打个电话吗?
    • Hey! Wait a minute! I'll come with you!喂,等一下!我和你一起去!
  2. used when you have just noticed or remembered something, or had a sudden idea(刚注意到、想起某事或突然想出了主意)且慢,等一等
    • Wait a minute—this isn't the right key.等一等,不是这把钥匙。

second1

verb
/ˈsekənd/
/ˈsekənd/
Verb Forms
present simple I / you / we / they second
/ˈsekənd/
/ˈsekənd/
he / she / it seconds
/ˈsekəndz/
/ˈsekəndz/
past simple seconded
/ˈsekəndɪd/
/ˈsekəndɪd/
past participle seconded
/ˈsekəndɪd/
/ˈsekəndɪd/
-ing form seconding
/ˈsekəndɪŋ/
/ˈsekəndɪŋ/
jump to other results
  1. second something to state officially at a meeting that you support another person’s idea, suggestion, etc. so that it can be discussed and/or voted on支持,赞成(主意、建议等);附议
    • Any proposal must be seconded by two other members of the committee.任何提案须有委员会其他两名委员附议。
    • (informal) ‘Thank God that's finished.’ ‘I'll second that! (= I agree)“谢天谢地,总算结束了。” “可不是!”
    • Davis seconded the motion, which was carried unanimously.戴维斯支持这项动议,该动议获得一致通过。
    compare propose
    Oxford Collocations DictionarySecond is used with these nouns as the object:
    • motion
    See full entry
    Word Originverb Middle English: via Old French from Latin secundus ‘following, second’, from the base of sequi ‘follow’. The verb dates from the late 16th cent.

second2

verb
/sɪˈkɒnd/
/sɪˈkɑːnd/
[usually passive] (especially British English)
Verb Forms
present simple I / you / we / they second
/sɪˈkɒnd/
/sɪˈkɑːnd/
he / she / it seconds
/sɪˈkɒndz/
/sɪˈkɑːndz/
past simple seconded
/sɪˈkɒndɪd/
/sɪˈkɑːndɪd/
past participle seconded
/sɪˈkɒndɪd/
/sɪˈkɑːndɪd/
-ing form seconding
/sɪˈkɒndɪŋ/
/sɪˈkɑːndɪŋ/
jump to other results
  1. to send an employee to another department, office, etc. in order to do a different job for a short period of time临时调派;短期调任
    • be seconded (from something) (to something) Each year two teachers are seconded to industry for six months.每年有两名教师派到产业部门工作六个月。
    Oxford Collocations DictionarySecond is used with these nouns as the object:
    • motion
    See full entry
    Word Originearly 19th cent.: from French en second ‘in the second rank (of officers)’.

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