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IELTS BNC: 3447 COCA: 3953

banking

noun
/ˈbæŋkɪŋ/
/ˈbæŋkɪŋ/
 [uncountable]
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  1. the business activity of banks银行业
    • She's thinking about a career in banking.她正在考虑从事银行业。
    • the international banking community国际银行界
    Culture banks and bankingbanks and bankingIn Britain, the central bank, which acts as banker for the state and commercial banks, is the Bank of England. The Governor of the Bank of England advises the government on financial matters. The bank sets national interest rates (= the cost of borrowing money) and is responsible for issuing banknotes.The main commercial banks, called clearing banks or high-street banks, are HSBC, Barclays, Lloyds, and The Royal Bank of Scotland. These are known as the 'big four' and have branches in many towns, although some branches have closed as more people do their banking online. Former building societies that became banks in the 1990s, such as the Halifax, now compete with them for customers. Other building societies, such as the Nationwide, also offer banking services, as do several supermarkets and stores, such as Tesco or Marks & Spencer. First Direct was one of the first banks to be only phone- and internet-based. People can use a current account and, for savings, a deposit account. The high-street banks offer bank loans for individuals and small businesses. Merchant banks deal with company finance on a larger scale.In the US there are thousands of banks. This is because banks are prevented by law from operating in more than one state. Some banks get round this rule by forming holding companies which own banks with the same names in different states. Unlike British banks, American banks are banks of deposit and credit and do not build up capital. Banking is dominated by large money center banks, such as Chase, which raise money by dealing in the international money markets and lend it to businesses and other banks.The US central bank is the Federal Reserve Bank, often called the Fed. In addition to the national Fed in Washington, DC, there are 12 regional ones. The Fed tells commercial banks how much money they must keep in reserve and decides what rate of interest to charge when lending them money. This affects the rate of interest the commercial banks charge their customers.In the US people keep their accounts in commercial banks which must have a charter (= permission to operate) from the US or a state government. Each state decides whether to allow branch banking, which means allowing customers to do business at any branch of a bank, not just the one where they have their account. The most common accounts are checking and savings accounts. People also keep money in and borrow money from savings and loan associations. In both the UK and the US many people bank online, and rarely go into the local branch of their bank, as they can get cash from cash machines in many places.After the global financial crisis in the years after 2008, banks were strongly criticized for the part they had played in causing the crisis, and their reputation suffered. They are also criticized for giving very large bonuses (= extra payments in addition to salary) to their top managers when this may not be deserved.
    Extra Examples
    • This software is used in banking.该软件用于银行业务中。
    • At first consumers were wary of online banking.开始时顾客对电子银行服务非常谨慎。
    • I mainly use the internet banking service.我主要使用网银业务。
    Topics Moneyb1
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • business
    • commercial
    • corporate
    • …
    banking + noun
    • system
    • market
    • group
    • …
    preposition
    • in banking
    See full entry

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